Journal of Oral Implantology December 2012 - (Page 713)

RESEARCH Nasopalatine Canal Position Relative to the Maxillary Central Incisors: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Assessment Pakawat Chatriyanuyoke, DDS, MS1* Chun-I Lu, DDS1 Yusuke Suzuki, DDS, PhD1 Jaime L. Lozada, DDS1 Kitichai Rungcharassaeng, DDS, MS2 Joseph Y. K. Kan, DDS, MS1 Charles J. Goodacre, DDS, MSD3 The aim of this study was to determine the proximity of the nasopalatine canal (NPC) to the maxillary central incisor root (MCIR). The study included 120 cone beam computed tomography scans obtained from the Center for Implant Dentistry, Loma Linda University, between June 2006 and September 2009. They were equally distributed into six groups: (1) 21- to 40-year-old men, (2) 21- to 40-year-old women, (3) 41- to 60-year-old men, (4) 41- to 60-year-old women, (5) 61- to 80-year-old men, and (6) 61- to 80-year-old women. The closest distances between the NPC and the MCIR (NPC-to-MCIR) were measured at the midroot (bisecting palatal cementoenamel junction to root apex) and the apex levels. Differences between the groups were analyzed using a t test and 1-way analysis of variance at a significance level of a ¼ .05. The overall mean NPC-to-MCIR distances at the midroot and apex levels were 3.05 6 1.64 and 5.22 6 1.56 mm, respectively. The modes of the NPC-to-MCIR distances at the midroot and apex levels were in the range of 1.01–2.00 mm and 4.01–5.00 mm, respectively. The mean NPC-to-MCIR distance was significantly greater in men than in women at the midroot level (P , .05) but not at the apex level (P . .05). The mean NPC-to-MCIR distance was significantly shorter for the youngest age group than the other two age groups at the midroot level (P , .05). However, at the apex level, the youngest age group had a significantly shorter distance compared with the oldest age group (P , .05) but not the middle age group (P . .05). The results of this study suggest that, to avoid NPC penetration, more care must be exercised during immediate implant placement at the midroot level of a maxillary central incisor in women and younger patients because of the root proximity to the NPC. Tapered implants may also be beneficial in such situations. Key Words: nasopalatine canal, incisive canal, immediate implant, root, central incisor, proximity, computed tomography, cone beam, CT, CBCT INTRODUCTION 1 Advanced Education in Implant Dentistry, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, Calif. 2 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, Calif. 3 Department of Restorative Dentistry, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, Calif. * Corresponding author, e-mail: cpakawat@gmail.com DOI: 10.1563/AAID-JOI-D-10-00106 mplant placement immediately after tooth extraction was introduced in the late 1980s to reduce treatment time and help preserve alveolar bone.1 Recently, it has also been frequently combined with immediate provisionalization procedures, and studies have substanJournal of Oral Implantology 713 I

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Journal of Oral Implantology December 2012

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Lateral Augmentation of the Maxilla and Mandible Using Framework Technique With Allogeneic Bone Grafts
Accuracy of Cone Beam Computerized Tomography and a Three-Dimensional Stereolithographic Model in Identifying the Anterior Loop of the Mental Nerve: A Study on Cadavers
Evaluation of Microgap Size and Microbial Leakage in the Connection Area of 4 Abutments With Straumann (ITI) Implant
Buccal Bone Plate Remodeling After Immediate Implant Placement With and Without Synthetic Bone Grafting and Flapless Surgery: Radiographic Study in Dogs
Evaluation of Soft Tissues Around Single Tooth Implants in the Anterior Maxilla Restored With Cemented and Screw-Retained Crowns
Accuracy of a Newly Developed Cone-Beam Computerized Tomography-Aided Surgical Guidance System for Dental Implant Placement: An Ex Vivo Study
Nasopalatine Canal Position Relative to the Maxillary Central Incisors: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Assessment
Esthetics in Implant-Supported Prostheses: A Literature Review
Reliability of Implant Surgical Guides Based on Soft-Tissue Models
Clinical Evaluation of Short and Wide-Diameter Implants Immediately Placed Into Extraction Sockets of Posterior Areas: A 2-Year Retrospective Study
Single Stage Immediate Implant Placements in the Esthetic Zone
Removal of Fractured Dental Implant Screw Using a New Technique: A Case Report
Restoration of Failing Maxillary Implant-Supported Fixed Prosthesis With Cross Arch Splinted Unilateral Zygomatic Implant: A Clinical Report
Oral Rehabilitation of Severe Dentoalveolar Trauma: A Clinical Report
Implant Installation With Bone Augmentation and Transmucosal Healing With Demineralized Human Cortical Bone in the Maxillary Anterior Region: Report of 3 Cases
Bone Morphogenic Protein: An Elixir for Bone Grafting—A Review
Orthodontic Considerations in Restorative Management of Hypodontia Patients With Endosseous Implants
Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Association With Dental Implants: An Assessment of Previously Hypothesized Carcinogenic Mechanisms and a Case Report
Indirect Osteotome Maxillary Sinus Floor Elevation: An Update
Reliability of Implant Surgical Guides Based on Soft-Tissue Models: A Methodological Mistake

Journal of Oral Implantology December 2012