Journal of Oral Implantology June 2013 - (Page 399)

LITERATURE REVIEW Postextraction Implant in Sites With Endodontic Infection as an Alternative to Endodontic Retreatment: A Review of Literature Stefano Corbella, DDS, PhD* Silvio Taschieri, MD, DDS Igor Tsesis, DMD Massimo Del Fabbro, PhD The aim of this literature review is to evaluate the outcomes of implants placed after extraction of teeth with infections of endodontic origin. An electronic search was performed through electronic databases (Medline and Embase) using the terms ‘‘immediate implant,’’ ‘‘post-extractive implants,’’ ‘‘endodontic infection,’’ ‘‘infected site,’’ and ‘‘extraction socket’’ combined with the use of Boolean operators (‘‘AND’’ and ‘‘OR’’). Only articles on human subjects were considered. At least 12 month of mean follow-up was required for inclusion. No restriction was placed regarding study design. Ten studies were included in this review. Survival rates ranged from 92% to 100%. A total of 497 implants were placed in sites with endodontic infection. In nine studies the use of bone substitutes was associated with immediate implant placement. Because of the low number of included studies and the heterogeneity of study design, more well-designed studies are required to assess the relevance of this treatment alternative. Key Words: dental implants, postextraction sockets, apical periodontitis, immediate implants, treatment planning INTRODUCTION O rthograde primary endodontic therapy is an effective treatment, as indicated by systematic reviews reporting success rates ranging between 31% and 100%1,2; the variability was mainly due to the inclusion criteria of the studies and to the adopted criteria of success. In cases of failures with persistent periradicular lesions, secondary endodontic treatment was recommended, and those outcomes were investigated in systematic reviews.3,4 Reported success rates for nonsurgical or surgical secondary treatment are greater than 70% Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, ` Universita degli Studi di Milano, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy. * Corresponding author, e-mail: stefano.corbella@unimi.it DOI: 10.1563/AAID-JOI-D-11-00229 for both,3,5 and no significant difference in outcomes between procedures was found.4,5 Endodontic surgery performed with a modern technique, that is, with the aid of microinstruments, magnification devices, and retrograde canal preparation through the use of ultrasonic retrotips, has been reported to achieve a success rate greater than 90% after 1 year.6 When the tooth pathologic condition cannot be solved with endodontic retreatment (either orthograde or retrograde) or in the presence of root fractures that become evident during diagnostic or treatment phases, the extraction of the involved tooth becomes the most indicated solution. Tooth extraction and immediate placement of dental implant in the extraction socket is a viable and effective technique in anterior zones7,8 and posterior regions, though many requisites need to be considered. The presence of active infection in the extraction site is considered one of the main contraindications Journal of Oral Implantology 399

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Journal of Oral Implantology June 2013

Congratulations to Duke Heller, DDS, MS—Pioneer, Teacher, and Mentor
In Vitro Analysis of Resistance to Cyclic Load and Preload Distribution of Two Implant/ Abutment Screwed Connections
Mandibular Implant-Supported Overdenture: An In Vitro Comparison of Ball, Bar, and Magnetic Attachments
An Exploratory Study on Assessment of Gingival Biotype and Crown Dimensions as Predictors for Implant Esthetics Comparing Caucasian and Indian Subjects
A New Approach to the All-on-Four Treatment Concept Using Narrow Platform NobelActive Implants
Regular and Switching Platform: Bone Stress Analysis With Varying Implant Diameter
Comparison Between Immediate and Delayed Laser-Treated Implants Surface With Switching Platform: A Clinical Retrospective Study
Effect of a Multiporous Beta–Tricalicum Phosphate on Bone Density Around Dental Implants Inserted Into Fresh Extraction Sockets
The Effect of Varying Implant Position in Immediately Loaded Implant-Supported Mandibular Overdentures
Bone Regeneration Around Immediate Implants Utilizing a Dense Polytetrafluoroethylene Membrane Without Primary Closure: A Report of 3 Cases
Socket Preservation and Sinus Augmentation Using a Medical Grade Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate and Mineralized Irradiated Cancellous Bone Allograft Composite
Implant Placement and Immediate Loading With Fixed Restorations in Augmented Sockets. Five-Year Results. A Case Report
Immediate Placement and Provisionalization With Buccal Plate Preservation: A Case Report of a New Technique
Clinical Importance of Recipient Site Characteristics for Vertical Ridge Augmentation: A Systematic Review of Literature and Proposal of a Classification
Postextraction Implant in Sites With Endodontic Infection as an Alternative to Endodontic Retreatment: A Review of Literature
Letter to the Editor

Journal of Oral Implantology June 2013