Journal of Oral Implantology December 2013 - (Page 727)

CASE REPORT Eight-Year Results of Site Retention of Anorganic Bovine Bone and Anorganic Bovine Matrix Marco Degidi, MD, DDS1 Vittoria Perrotti, DDS, PhD2* Adriano Piattelli, MD, DDS2 Giovanna Iezzi, DDS, PhD2 The long-term fate of some biomaterials is still unknown, and the reports present in the literature are not conclusive as to whether these biomaterials are resorbed over time or not. Different reports can be found with regard to the resorption behavior of anorganic bovine bone (ABB). The aim of the present study was to provide a comparative histological and histomorphometrical evaluation, in the same patient, of 2 specimens retrieved from a sinus augmented with ABB and with anorganic bovine matrix added to a cell-binding peptide (PepGen P15), respectively, after a healing period of 6 months and after 8 years of implant loading, to evaluate the resorption of both biomaterials. A unilateral sinus augmentation procedure with ABB (50%) and with PepGen P15 (50%) was performed in a 54-year-old male patient. Two titanium dental implants with a sandblasted and acid-etched surface were inserted after 6 months. During this procedure, 2 tissue cores were retrieved from the sinus with a trephine, before implant insertion. After an additional 6 months, a fixed prosthetic restoration was fabricated. One of these implants, after a loading period of 8 years, fractured in the coronal portion and was removed. Both specimens, one retrieved after a 6-month healing period and the other after an 8-year loading period, were treated to obtain thin ground sections. In the 6-month specimen, the histomorphometry showed that the percentage of newly formed bone was 27.2% 6 3.6%, marrow spaces 35.6% 6 2.3%, residual ABB particles 25.1% 6 1.2%, and residual PepGen P-15 particles 12.1% 6 2.2%. In the 8-year specimen, the histomorphometry showed that the percentage of newly formed bone was 51.4% 6 4.8%, marrow spaces 40% 6 7.1%, residual ABB particles 6.2% 6 0.7%, and residual PepGen P-15 particles 2.4% 6 0.5%. Both biomaterials underwent significant resorption over the course of this study. Key Words: anorganic bovine bone, biomaterials resorption, cell-binding peptide, sinus augmentation INTRODUCTION T he long-term fate of some biomaterials is still unknown, and the reports present in the literature are not conclusive as to whether these biomaterials are resorbed over time or not.1-11 Different reports can be found about the resorption behavior of anorganic bovine bone (ABB), and this topic is still a subject of controversy.2 A group of researchers found that ABB resorbs over time.5 Wallace et al3 reported that the amount of ABB gradually de1 Private practice, Bologna, Italy. Dental School, University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy. * Corresponding author, e-mail: v.perrotti@unich.it DOI: 10.1563/AAID-JOI-D-11-00091 2 creased over time and was completely absent in a 20-month sample. The resorption rate of ABB in vivo has been reported to be 2-3 years,4 and Tadjoedin et al5 reported a decrease of about 10% per year. Sartori et al6 found that the potential metabolization of ABB by osteoclasts could be confirmed by the progressive increase in relative bone volume in a 10-year period (29.8% at 8 months vs 86.7% at 10 years). Valentini et al7 reported that the density of ABB decreased by a little more than 10% between 6 and 12 months, suggesting a slow but active resorption. Berglundh and Lindhe8 found that ABB with time became integrated and subsequently replaced by newly formed bone. Zaffe et al9 found that in most patients, there was a scarcity or absence of ABB granules in the biopsies. Artzi et Journal of Oral Implantology 727

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Journal of Oral Implantology December 2013

Blade-Form Dental Implants: FDA Reclassification as a Class II Dental Implant Device
Effect of Different Storage Media on the Regenerative Potential of Autogenous Bone Grafts: A Histomorphometrical Analysis in Rabbits
Tensile Resistance of Mineralized and Demineralized Rat Bones in Different Regions (Calvarial and Femur)
Microbial Diversity of Peri-Implant Biofilms on Implant Fixed Bar and Telescopic Double Crown Attachments
Evidence-Based Techniques to Assess the Performance of Dental Implants
Influence of Platform and Abutment Angulation on Peri-Implant Bone. A Three- Dimensional Finite Element Stress Analysis
Direct Current Electric Stimulation in Implant Osseointegration: An Experimental Animal Study With Sheep
Prevalence of Sinus Augmentation Associated With Maxillary Posterior Implants
The Bactericidal Effects of an Acidified Sodium Chlorite-Containing Oral Moisturizing Gel: A Pilot Study
Influence of Fine Threads and Platform-Switching on Crestal Bone Stress Around Implant— A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis
An Evaluation of the Resonance Frequency Analysis Device: Examiner Reliability and Repeatability of Readings
Histologic and Histomorphometric Assessment of Implants and Periapical Tissues When Placed in the Sockets of Extracted Teeth, Teeth With Periapical Lesions, and Healed Lesions: A Canine Study
Microbiological Aspects of Human Mandibular Subperiosteal Dental Implants
A Technique for Removal of a Fractured Implant Abutment Screw
Eight-Year Results of Site Retention of Anorganic Bovine Bone and Anorganic Bovine Matrix
A Reactive Lesion (Pyogenic Granuloma) Associated With Dental Implant: A Case Report
Twelve-Year Clinical and Radiological Results of Maxillary and Mandibular Implant- Retained Bar Overdentures Carried out on Oxidized (TiUnite) Replace Select Implants: A Clinical Case
PEEK Dental Implants: A Review of the Literature

Journal of Oral Implantology December 2013