Journal of Oral Implantology February 2014 - (Page 85)

RESEARCH Dental Implants: Early Versus Standard Two-Stage Loading (Animal Study) Mansour Rismanchian, DMD, MS1 Farshad Bajoghli, DMD1* Tabakhian Gholamreza, DMD, MS2 Mohamad Razavi, DMD, MS3 Direct bone formation on the implant surface is a treatment goal in implant dentistry. It was always thought that a healing period of 3 months for the lower jaw and 5-6 months for the upper jaw was required for osseointegration to occur. Recent studies, however, show that with the early loading protocol, osseointegration is possible as well. The goal of this study was to evaluate clinical, histologic, and histomorphometric parameters of implants with early loading protocols and implants that did not undergo the early loading protocol. In this experimental study, the first to the fourth premolar teeth were extracted from the lower jaws of 3 dogs. After a healing period of 3 months, 12 BioHorizons internal implants 4.5 3 10.5 mm were placed in the mandible of the dogs. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) was recorded. After 3 weeks, half of the implants were exposed, and after recording ISQ, polycarbonate crowns were placed on them and occlusion was adjusted so that there was no contact in centric occlusion and no lateral movement with the opposing teeth. After 3 months, the ISQs were recorded for all the implants. Bleeding upon probing and pocket depths were measured for the early loading implants. All the implants were removed using a trephine bur, and cross-sections of 150 lm were prepared, from which the bone implant contact (BIC) and the type of bone around them were obtained. Statistical analysis was conducted with independent t test, paired t test, and repeated analysis of variance. The BIC for the early loaded group was 46.17% 6 12.89%, and for the unloaded group was 44.4% 6 10.45%. This difference was not statistically significant (P ¼ .811). The ISQ for the implants in the early loaded group (before they were removed) was 71 6 7.35 and that of the unloaded group was 66.75 6 11.86 .These differences were statistically insignificant. With regard to the result of this study, and the fact that the 2 groups showed no statistically significant differences in a number of major aspects, such as BIC and ISQ, it seems possible to load implants with an earlier than usual protocol with no adverse effects on implant success. It is necessary, however, to follow certain protocols for this type of loading. Key Words: dental implants, early loading, dog, bone to implant contact, histomorphometric study INTRODUCTION 1 Implant Dental Research Center, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 2 Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran. 3 Implant Dental Research Center, Department of Oral Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. * Corresponding author, e-mail: f.bajoghli@yahoo.com DOI: 10.1563/AAID-JOI-D-10-00202 D ental implants are increasingly used to replace missing teeth. Direct contact between implant surfaces and the bone is a treatment goal in implant dentistry.1 The prerequisite for the 2-stage surgical protocol described by Branemark et al2 to achieve osseointegration is to place the implant below the osseous crest (subcrestally), cover the implants with soft tissue for 3-6 months, and keep pressure off the Journal of Oral Implantology 85

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Journal of Oral Implantology February 2014

Evolution of Bone Grafting for Improved Predictability
Electrochemical Behavior of Titanium in Artificial Saliva: Influence of pH
Efficacy of Antibacterial Sealing Gel and O-Ring to Prevent Microleakage at the Implant
Wired/Classic and Wireless/Periotest ‘‘M’’ Instruments: An In Vitro Assessment of
Altered Position of the Medial Lingual Nutritional Foramina at Different Stages of Alveolar
Genotoxicity of Endosseous Implants Using Two Cellular Lineages In Vitro
Implants With Internal Hexagon and Conical Implant-Abutment Connections: An In Vitro
Stress Distribution Around Maxillary Anterior Implants as a Factor of Labial Bone Thickness
Peri-Implant Biomechanical Responses to Standard, Short-Wide, and Mini Implants
Removal Torque Analysis of Implants in Rabbit Tibia After Topical Application of
Nonprocessed Adipose Tissue Graft in the Treatment of Peri-Implant Osseous Defects in
Assessment of the Effect of Two Occlusal Concepts for Implant-Supported Fixed
Nerve Damage Assessment Following Implant Placement in Human Cadaver Jaws:
Dental Implants: Early Versus Standard Two-Stage Loading (Animal Study)
Intravenous Sedation for Implant Surgery: Midazolam, Butorphanol, and
Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite-Based Material Already Contributes to Implant Stability
Two Neglected Biologic Risk Factors in Bone Grafting and Implantology: High Low-Density

Journal of Oral Implantology February 2014