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What differentiates the two classes of anesthetic?
A. A sulfur molecule linked between the terminal ends.
B. An ester or amide link.
C. Water-based versus oil-based compounds.
D. An ester or amine link between the intermediate
chain and the terminal end.

Why is epinephrine added to most anesthetic solutions?
A. To increase the bioavailability of the anesthetic.
B. To increase the length of duration of anesthesia.
C. To increase the strength of the anesthetic.
D. To increase the blood flow to the area where
the anesthetic is deposited.

Why is typical carpule-based local anesthetic acidic?
A. Esters are acidic by nature.
B. Epinepherine is acidic.
C. Acid is added to preserve the anesthetic.
D. Anesthetic in carpules is not acidic.

Which of the following is not a benefit of anesthetic buffering?
A. Increased bioavailability.
B. Less painful injection.
C. Quicker return to a nonanesthetized state.
D. Faster onset.

How does a nerve impulse propagate down the axon?
A. Nitrogen channels.
B. Myelinization of the axon.
C. Sodium influx.
D. None of the above.

What is used to make the buffered anesthetic compound?
A. 8.4 percent sodium bicarbonate and 2 percent lidocaine
with 1:100K epi.
B. A 9.3 percent sodium bicarbonate solution.
C. Etidocaine is used in the solution.
D. There is no epinephrine added.

What is the downside of acidifying a local anesthetic?
A. The amide bond becomes an amine bond.
B. The anesthetic will precipitate out of solution.
C. The larger precipitated molecules cannot enter the axon.
D. Decreased diffusion through interstitial tissues
and less bioavailability.

What type of clinical study was conducted in this course?
A. Double-blind study.
B. Cross-sectional study.
C. Cohort study.
D. Single-blind study.

Which of the following local anesthetics is not a vasodilator?
A. Lidocaine.
B. Prilocaine.
C. Cocaine.
D. Septocaine.

10. What conclusion can be made from this study?
A. Buffered anesthetics have lower onset times
and more discomfort on injection.
B. Buffered anesthetics have lower onset times
and decreased duration.
C. Buffered anesthetics have lower onset times
and increased duration.
D. Buffered anesthetics have lower onset times
and less discomfort on injection.

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Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Dentaltown July 2017