Produits de la mer - n°181 - Avril 2018 - 95

Dossier ❘ BAR ET DAURADE

Turkey runs the show
Already number one for
farmed bass, Turkey follows
closely behind Greece
for sea bream due to
an exponential growth
for more than a decade.

Bruno Vaudour

urkey is the unrivalled leader in
Mediterranean marine aquaculture, a fact which was certainly facilitated by the financial
support provided by the government
to aquaculture production. The national plan for the development of marine
aquaculture, implemented in 2008, has
given it a new impetus. This included the
transfer of fish farms which were mainly
located in the Aegean Sea to the Muğ
ğla,
Izmir and Aydin regions, from the coast
to dedicated offshore areas, reducing
conflicts between the aquaculture sector and other users of marine resources.
A well-developed research infrastructure
also fostered its growth. Some sources
report recent advances in breeding techniques through pre-fattening and vaccination in onshore tanks before transfer
to offshore sites. A process which is said
to improve survival rates.
At the same time, the number of integrated groups equipped with hatcheries,
feed mills, aquaculture farms and processing and packing plants
is on the increase.

Strong growth of
Turkish sea bass
export in France
in 2017.

Some of them have acquired fish flour
and oil plants in Mauritania, which has
improved food quality and increased
growth rates. In parallel, certifications
such as GlobalGap, Friend of the Sea and
ISO 14000 are developing.
To exemplify these developments, the
leading Turkish company Kiliç Deniz,
founded 25 years ago, is the world's leading producer for bass and sea bream, with
a capacity of more than 45,000 tons.
Its five hatcheries, three of which have
pre-fattening units, can produce 344 million bass, sea bream and meager alevins a year. The capacity of its food production plants, located near the marine

farms, is 120,000 tons. The total value of
its exports to 55 countries, totals 114 million euros, of which more than 70 million
to Europe. To reduce logistics costs, Kiliç
even moved closer to its target markets.
After Italy, the company recently invested
in Albania. Although most of its production is marketed fresh, whole and filleted,
the group also offers deep-frozen products
and fresh bass and sea bream fillets cooked
in boil-in-bags or microwavable trays. Its
ISO 9001, ISO 22000, BRC and IFS certified processing and packaging plants have
recently been upgraded and their capacity
increased with a view to diversifying into
value-added products.■

L'Espagne repart à la hausse

usqu'en 2009, la pisciculture marine espagnole a connu une forte croissance,
avant de perdre du terrain. Sa production repart mais insuffisamment pour couvrir la demande de son marché intérieur, qui, tirée par le retour à la croissance
et des prix relativement bas, a augmenté d'environ 10 % en 2016 pour les deux
espèces. L'Espagne tend donc à réduire ses exportations et à accroître ses importations. La Grèce reste son premier fournisseur, avec près de la moitié des volumes.
Mais, pour le bar, les importations de Turquie, avec 30 % du total, devancent largement celles de l'Italie. Et pour la daurade, les deux pays font quasiment jeu égal.
Parallèlement, certains de ses acteurs majeurs ont été rachetés, à l'instar de
Culmárex par le canadien Cooke Aquaculture, en 2011.

.
L.F

PRODUITS DE LA MER N°181 AVRIL 2018

❘ 95 ❘

Table des matières de la publication Produits de la mer - n°181 - Avril 2018