The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 43, No. 1 - 14

Lauren Schudde

to the movies, a concert, or planned events
with residence hall peers may induce additional financial (and psychological) strain for
low-income students.

face two interwoven challenges:
cultural differences between

METHOD

their background and the norms

Data

of other students on campus,

To examine the interplay of family income and
campus residency on student retention, I use
data from the Education Longitudinal Study
(ELS: 2002 cohort), collected by the National
Center for Education Statistics (NCES). This
longitudinal study followed students in their
transition from high school to college. The
study began with 10th-graders in 2002 and followed up with them during their senior year of
high school in 2004 (in addition to "freshening" the sample to capture students who, for
one reason for another, were not able to participate as 10th-graders, but were by then in
twelfth grade). The study also captured college
student experiences in 2006, when students
who went straight into postsecondary schooling were in their second year, and their experiences in 2012, the final wave of data collection.
The sample is representative of 10th-graders in
2002, as well as 12th graders in 2004 (because
the sample was freshened) (Ingels et al., 2007).
I restricted the sample to students who
began college in fall 2004, immediately after
graduating from high school (N=9,170) (all
sample sizes are rounded to the nearest 10,
in accordance with Institute of Education Sciences' statistical standards for restricted-use
data from the National Center for Education
Statistics). The second follow-up (2006) asked
these students about their housing situation
during college, as well as their enrollment patterns throughout the first two years of college.

14

Students from low-income families

and structural obstacles due to
financial constraints.

I focused on full-time, four-year college students with information about where they lived
during the first year of college, resulting in a
sample of 7,400 students.
I excluded colleges that do not offer campus
housing, as well as colleges that require campus
residency, from the sample, resulting in a
sample of 3,230 students. In both instances,
students do not have the choice of living on or
off campus (to be comparable, students in each
group must have the option to live on or off
campus). The final analytic sample, restricted
to students with college enrollment data, includes 3,110 students, with 2,180 students living
on campus and 930 off campus during their
first year of college. The off-campus residents
include 810 students living at home with family
and 120 students living "elsewhere off campus."

MEASURES
The ELS is a rich dataset, with detailed precollege data. In comparing on- and off-campus
residents, I controlled for demographics, high
school achievement information, students'
priorities, and institutional characteristics.
The demographic measures include stu-

THE JOURNAL OF COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY STUDENT HOUSING



The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 43, No. 1

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 43, No. 1

Contents
The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 43, No. 1 - Intro
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