The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 43, No. 2 - 18

Rishi Sriram * Frank Shushok, Jr. * Laine Scales

Table 2
Latent Variables and Scales of the Campus Residential Experience Survey (N = 1,143)
Scale

Faculty engagement
current status
Faculty engagement desired status
Residence life educator
- current status

Sample Item

Faculty presence in
residential communities
is part of our campus
ethos.

Residence life educator
- desired status

There is an explicit
"curriculum" (defined
pathway toward learning
outcomes) that is developed
and enacted by professional
student affairs staff in
campus residential
communities.

Living on campus
- current status

Juniors live on campus.

Living on campus
- desired status
Facility design
- current status
Facility design
- desired status

My campus invests
financial resources to
align residential life
facilities (physical spaces)

statement and asks respondents to rate current
status ("the way it is") on a 5-point scale. It then
asks respondents to rate desired status ("the
way it should be") on a 5-point scale. The complete instrument is included in the appendix.

Procedure
	 We established content validity of the instrument by reviewing the literature and utilizing the focus group. To determine construct
validity for the initial 40-item instrument, an
exploratory factor analysis (principal components analysis) was conducted using SPSS
statistical software. A major use of principal

18

# of
Items

eigenvalues

% of
Variance
Explained

Factor
Loading
Range

α

7

6.27

17.61

.809 - .693

.87

7

6.2

16.14

.770 - .627

.85

5

2.77

12.95

.791 - .567

.80

5

2.29

11.68

.769 - .602

.78

4

1.93

11.51

.863 - .587

.80

4

2.2

10.27

.860 - .616

.80

4

2.36

10.23

.862 - .658

.84

4

1.7

10.02

.803 - .546

.73

components analysis is in the development of
psychological tests (Tabachnick & Fidell, 2007).
This analysis organizes instrument items into
categorical factors (components) based upon
how well the items correlate to one another.
Evidence of construct validity is found if the
correlation of items affirms both theory and
the original intent for how the items organized
into subscales. Listwise deletion was used to
analyze complete responses only, reducing the
sample from 1,275 responses to 1,143. We selected orthogonal rotation (varimax) based on
the theory that the four latent variables would
be independent (unrelated). The number of

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The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 43, No. 2

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