Veterinary Medicine - January 2008 - (Page 40)

Holter monitors PEER-REVIEWED Holter recording is essential for accurately assessing and treating arrhythmias. to veterinary patients. After about 24 hours of recording, you then remove the recorder and mail it back to the service. The service will fax a summary of the recording to you and mail you a complete report within a few days. The cost to veterinarians is $140 to $150. You can request an evaluation by a veterinary cardiologist for an additional $50 to $100. of total repetitive ventricular arrhythmias. Am J Cardiol 1987;60(16):1299-1305. 7. Calvert CA, Hall G, Jacobs G, et al. Clinical and pathological ndings in Doberman pinschers with occult cardiomyopathy that died suddenly or developed congestive heart failure: 54 cases (1984-1991). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1997;210(4):505-511. 8. Calvert CA, Jacobs G, Pickus CW, et al. Results of ambulatory electrocardiography in overtly healthy Doberman Pinschers with echocardiographic abnormalities. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2000;217(9):1328-1332. 9. Calvert CA, Jacobs G, Smith DD, et al. Association between results of ambulatory electrocardiography and development of cardiomyopathy during long-term follow-up of Doberman pinschers. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2000;216(1):34-39. 10. Raeder EA, Hohnloser SH, Graboys TB, et al. Spontaneous variability and circadian distribution of ectopic activity in patients with malignant ventricular arrhythmia. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998;12(3):656-661. 11. Calvert CA, Jacobs GJ, Pickus CW. Bradycardia-associated episodic weakness, syncope, and aborted sudden death in cardiomyopathic Doberman Pinschers. J Vet Intern Med 1996;10(2):88-93. 12. Calvert CA, Jacobs GJ, Pickus CW. Ef cacy and toxicity of tocainide for the treatment of ventricular tachyarrhythmias in Doberman pinschers with occult cardiomyopathy. J Vet Intern Med 1996;10(4):235-240. 13. Moise NS, Meyers-Wallen V, Flahive WJ, et al. Inherited ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death in German shepherd dogs. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994;24(1):233-243. 14. Moise NS, Gilmour RF Jr, Riccio ML, et al. Diagnosis of inherited ventricular tachycardia in German shepherd dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1997;210(3):403-407. 15. Meurs KM, Spier AW, Miller MW, et al. Familial ventricular arrhythmias in boxers. J Vet Intern Med 1999;13(5):437-439. 16. Basso C, Fox PR, Meurs KM, et al. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy causing sudden death in Boxer dogs: a new animal model of human disease (abst). Circulation 2002;106:199. 17. Vassalle M, Knob RE, Cummins M, et al. An analysis of fast idioventricular rhythm in the dog. Circ Res 1977; 41(2):218-226. 18. Calvert CA, Brown J. In uence of antiarrhythmia therapy on survival times of 19 clinically healthy Doberman pinschers with dilated cardiomyopathy that experienced syncope, ventricular tachycardia, and sudden death (1985-1998). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2004;40(1):24-28. 19. Kraus MS. Syncope in small breed dogs, in Proceedings. 21st Annu Am Coll Vet Intern Med Forum, 2003;137-138. 20. Thomason JD, Calvert CA, et al. Bradycardia associated syncope in seven boxers with ventricular tachyarrhythmias (2002-2005) (abst). J Vet Intern Med 2007;21:589. 21. Zimmerman JM, Bright E, Orton EC. Does in-hospital electrocardiogram re ect 24 hour heart rate parameters assessed by Holter monitor in Irish Wolfhound? (abst). J Vet Intern Med 2005;19:451. CONCLUSION Continuous ambulatory ECG monitoring with a Holter monitor is a useful and practical diagnostic test available to all veterinarians. Holter recording is essential for the accurate assessment of arrhythmias and their treatment. It is the most sensitive test for detecting cardiomyopathy in Doberman pinschers and boxers, may be useful in determining the differential diagnoses in patients with syncope, and is underused as a means of determining the ef cacy of atrial brillation ventricular response rate control. The application and removal techniques require attention to detail but are not dif cult. Evaluation of the report by a veterinary cardiologist is available through commercial Holter monitoring services. REFERENCES 1. Holter NJ. New method for heart studies. Continuous electrocardiography of active subjects over long periods is now practical. Science 1961;134:1214-1220. 2. Marino DJ, Matthiesen DT, Fox PR, et al. Ventricular arrhythmias in dogs undergoing splenectomy: a prospective study. Vet Surg 1994;23(2):101-106. 3. Miller RH, Lehmkuhl LB, Bonagura JD, et al. Retrospective analysis of the clinical utility of ambulatory electrocardiographic (Holter) recordings in syncopal dogs: 44 cases (19911995). J Vet Intern Med 1999;13(2):111-122. 4. Goodwin JK. Holter monitoring and cardiac event recording. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1998;28(6):1391-1407. 5. Hertel M, Kersten U, Mishcke R, et al. Long term ECG in dogs: comparison between computerized system and visual arrhythmia analysis. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr 1999;112:239-242. 6. Salerno DM, Granrud G, Hodges M. Accuracy of commercial 24-hour electrocardiogram analyzers for quanti cation EXTRAS See for more on heart dysrhythmias in dogs. 40 January 2008 VETERINARY MEDICINE http://www.vetstreamcanis.com/ACI/January08/VMD1/dis00944.asp http://www.comfortis4dogs.com

Table of Contents Feed for the Digital Edition of Veterinary Medicine - January 2008

Veterinary Medicine - January 2008 Contents Digital Extra Letters Toxicology Brief Idea Exchange A Challenging Case: Phimosis in a Young Adult Dog The Indications and Technique for Continuous Ambulatory Electrocardiographic Recording in Dogs A Review of Selected Systemic Antifungal Drugs for Use in Dogs and Cats CE Form Advertiser Index Marketplace/Classifieds Mind Over Miller

Veterinary Medicine - January 2008

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