Veterinary Medicine - January 2009 - (Page 39)

Anesthesia techniques PEER-REVIEWED stress response through the use of local anesthetic techniques, you can improve the overall quality of the analgesic care in your patients. Look for subsequent articles in this series throughout the year covering additional helpful and easy-toperform anesthetic techniques. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors wish to thank Gregory Hirshoren, Instructional Resources, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, for the photos that accompany this article. REFERENCES 1. Stoelting RK, Hillier SC. Local anesthetics. In: Pharmacology and physiology in anesthetic practice. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006;179-207. 2. Scarda RT, Tranquilli WJ. Local anesthetics; Local and regional anesthesia and analgesia: dogs; Local and regional anesthesia and analgesia: cats. In: Lumb and Jones’ veterinary anesthesia and analgesia. 4th ed. Tranquilli WJ, Thurmon JC, Grimm KA, eds. Iowa, Ames: Wiley-Blackwell, 2007. 3. Lemke KA. Pain management II: local and regional anaesthetic techniques. In: Seymour C, Duke-Novakovski T, eds. BSAVA manual of canine and feline anaesthesia and analgesia. 2nd ed. Gloucester, UK: British Small Animal Veterinary Association, 2007;104-114. 4. Yaksh TL. Pharmacology and mechanisms of opioid analgesic activity. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1997;41(1 Pt 2):94-111. 5. Stein C, Machelska H, Schafer M. Peripheral analgesic and anti-in ammatory effects of opioids. Z Rheumatol 2001;60:416-424. 6. Kapitzke D, Vetter I, Cabot PJ. Endogenous opioid analgesia in peripheral tissues and the clinical implications for pain control. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2005;1(4):279-297. 7. Axelsson K, Gupta A, Johanzon E, et al. Intraarticluar administration of ketorolac, morphine, and ropivacaine combined with intraarticular patient-controlled regional analgesia for pain relief after shoulder surgery: a randomized, double-blind study. Anesth Analg 2008;106(1):328-333. 8. Kona-Boun JJ, Cuvelliez S, Troncy E. Evaluation of epidural administration of morphine or morphine and bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia after premedication with an opioid analgesic and orthopedic surgery in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2006;229(7):1103-1112. 9. Day TK, Pepper WT, Tobias TA, et al. Comparison of intra-articular and epidural morphine for analgesia following sti e arthrotomy in dogs. Vet Surg 1995;24(6):522-530. 10. Jadon A, Panigrahi MR, Parida SS, et al. Buprenorphine improves the ef cacy of bupivacaine in nerve plexus block: a double blind randomized evaluation in subclavian perivascular brachial block. Internet J Anesth 2008;16(2). 11. Candido KD, Winnie AP, Ghaleb AH, et al. Buprenorphine added to the local anesthetic for axillary brachial plexus block prolongs postoperative analgesia. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2002;27(2):162-167. 12. Lanz E, Simko G, Theiss D, et al. Epidural buprenorphine—a double-blind study of postoperative analgesia and side effects. Anesth Analg 1984;63(6):593-598. 13. Bazin JE, Massoni C, Bruelle P, et al. The addition of opioids to local anaesthetics in brachial plexus block: the comparative effects of morphine, buprenorphine and sufentanil. Anaesthesia 1997;52(9):858-862. 14. Pypendop BH, Siao KT, Pascoe PJ, et al. Effects of epidurally administered morphine or buprenorphine on the thermal threshold in cats. Am J Vet Res 2008;69(8):983-987. 15. Lamont LA, Lemke KA. The effects of medetomidine on radial nerve blockade with mepivacaine in dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg 2008;35(1):62-68. 16. McCartney CJ, Duggan E, Apatu E. Should we add clonidine to local anesthetic for peripheral nerve blockade? A qualitative systemic review of the literature. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2007;32(4):330-338. 17. Gabriel JS, Gordin V. Alpha 2 agonists in regional anesthesia and analgesia. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2001;14(6):751-753. 18. Forster JG, Rosenberg PH. Clinically useful adjuvants in regional anaesthesia. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2003;16(5):477-486. 19. Mpanduji DG, Bittegeko SB, Mgasa MN, et al. Analgesic, behavioural and cardiopulmonary effects of epidurally injected medetomidine (Domitor) in goats. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med 2000;47(2):65-72. 20. Lin HC, Trachte EA, DeGraves FJ, et al. Evaluation of analgesia induced by epidural administration of medetomidine to cows. Am J Vet Res 1998;59(2):162-167. 21. Vesal N, Cribb PH, Frketic M. Postoperative analgesic and cardiopulmonary effects in dogs of oxymorphone administered epidurally and intramuscularly, and medetomidine administered epidurally: a comparative clinical study. Vet Surg 1996;25(4):361-369. 22. Duke T, Cox AM, Remedios AM, et al. The analgesic effects or administering fentanyl or medetomidine in the lumbosacral epidural space of cats. Vet Surg 1994;23(2):143-148. 23. Schug SA, Saunders D, Kurowski I, et al. Neuraxial drug administration: a review of treatment options for anaesthesia and analgesia. CNS Drugs 2006;20(11);917-933. 24. Sabbe MB, Penning JP, Ozaki GT, et al. Spinal and systemic action of the alpha 2 receptor agonist dexmedetomidine in dogs. Antinociception and carbon dioxide response. Anesthesiology 1994;80(5):1057-1072. 25. Campagnol D, Teixeira Neto FJ, Giordano T, et al. Effects of epidural administration of dexmedetomidine on the minimum alveolar concentration of iso urane in dogs. Am J Vet Res 2007;68(12):1308-1318. 26. Esmaoglu A, Mizrak A, Akin A, et al. Addition of dexmedetomidine to lidocaine for intravenous regional anaesthesia. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2005;22(6):447-451. 27. Savvas I, Papazoglou LG, Kazakos G, et al. Incisional block with bupivacaine for analgesia after celiotomy in dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2008;44(2):60-66. 28. Carpenter RE, Wilson DV, Evans AT. Evaluation of intraperitoneal and incisional lidocaine or bupivacaine for analgesia following ovariohysterectomy in the dog. Vet Anaesth Analg 2004;31(1):46-52. 29. Zilberstein LF, Moens YP, Leterrier E. The effect of local anaesthesia on anaesthetic requirements for feline ovariectomy. Vet J 2008;178(2):214-218. 30. Gaynor JS, Mama KR. Local and regional anesthetic techniques for alleviation of perioperative pain. In: Gaynor J, Muir W, eds. Handbook of veterinary pain management. St Louis, Mo: Mosby, 2002;261-280. 31. Matsumoto AH, Reifsnyder AC, Hartwell GD, et al. Reducing the discomfort of lidocaine administration through pH buffering. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1994;5(1):171-175. 32. Vossinakis IC, Stavroulaki P, Paleochorlidis I, et al. Reducing the pain associated with local anaesthetic in ltration for open carpal tunnel decompression. J Hand Surg [Br] 2004;29(4):399-401. 33. Gilliam JN, Streeter RN, Papich MG, et al. Pharmacokinetics of orfenicol in serum and synovial uid after regional intravenous perfusion in the distal portion of the hind limb of adult cows. Am J Vet Res 2008;69(8):997-1004. 34. Fiorello CV, Beagley J, Citino SB. Antibiotic intravenous regional perfusion for successful resolution of distal limb infections: two cases. J Zoo Wildl Med 2008;39(3):438-444. 35. Coleman MM, Peng PW, Regan JM, et al. Quantitative comparison of leakage under the tourniquet in forearm versus conventional intravenous regional anesthesia. Anesth Analg 1999;89(6):1482-1486. 36. Abelson AL, Blaze, CA, McCobb EC, et al. Use of a wound soaker catheter for the administration of local anesthetic for post-operative analgesia: 56 cases (abst), in Proceedings. Int Vet Emerg Crit Care Symp 2007. 37. Bubenik L, Hosgood G, Barker S, et al. Estimated plasma bupivacaine concentration after single dose and eight-hour continuous intra-articular infusion of bupivacaine in normal dogs. Vet Surg 2007;36(8):783-791. 38. Beaussier M, El’Ayoubi H, Schiffer E, et al. Continuous preperitoneal infusion of ropivacaine provides effective analgesia and accelerates recovery after colorectal surgery: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Anesthesiology 2007;107(3):461-468. 39. Cheong WK, Seow-Choen F, Eu KW, et al. Randomized clinical trial of local bupivacaine perfusion versus parenteral morphine infusion for pain relief after laparotomy. Br J Surg 2001;88(3):357-359. 40. Chiu KM, Wu CC, Wang MJ, et al. Local infusion of bupivacaine combined with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia provides better pain relief than intravenous patient-controlled analgesia alone in patients undergoing minimally invasive cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008;135(6):1348-1352. 41. Dowling R, Thielmeier K, Ghaly A, et al. Improved pain control after cardiac surgery: results of a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2003;126(5):1271-1278. 42. Fredman B, Shapiro A, Zohar E, et al. The analgesic ef cacy of patient-controlled ropivacaine instillation after Cesarean delivery. Anesth Analg 2000;91(6):1436-1440. VETERINARY MEDICINE January 2009 http://www.prnpharmacal.com http://www.prnpharmacal.com

Table of Contents Feed for the Digital Edition of Veterinary Medicine - January 2009

Veterinary Medicine - January 2009 Contents Leading Off Letters Research Updates Idea Exchange A Modified Subconjunctival Enucleation Technique in Dogs and Cats Local and Regional Anesthesia Techniques Author Guidelines Product Preview CE Form/Advertiser Index Marketplace/Classifieds Mind Over Miller

Veterinary Medicine - January 2009

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