Veterinary Medicine - March 2008 - (Page 156)

Primary lung tumors PEER-REVIEWED TABLE 1 Comparison of Lung Cancer in People, Dogs, and Cats MEN* WOMEN* DOGS CATS Commonality Incidence per 100,000/year Incidence of all new cancers per year Age Second most common cancer 89.6 Third most common cancer 54.7 Rare 4.1758 1%6,7 Mean 10 years2,4-6,8,12 Rare 2.259 1–2%58 Mean 12 years5,6,14,16 Adenocarcinoma (bronchial)10,14,16,19 15% (114,769 men; 98,620 women) 70% in those > 65 years < 3% in those < 45 years Most common types Non-small cell carcinoma, speciﬁcally squaAdenocarcinoma mous cell carcinoma (25% of all human pulmo- (bronchoalveonary neoplasms) lar)2,4,10,12 Usually an incidental ﬁnding, but if progressed will see nonproductive cough, chest pain, weight loss, and bloody sputum Hilar10 Hypercalcemia, hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (especially ﬁngers), abnormal clotting, and gynecomastia Hypercalcemia, hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (especially ﬁngers), and abnormal clotting Nonproductive cough, dyspnea, weight loss, and lethargy2,4,8,12 Peripheral10,14 Hypertrophic osteopathy (especially radius/phalanges), hypercalcemia, ACTH secretion, and fever2,4,12 Clinical signs Dyspnea, weight loss, lethargy, anorexia, weakness, and vomiting1,16,21 Peripheral10,14 Leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, and hypercalcemia45-47 Location Paraneoplastic syndromes Treatment Rarely surgical (non-small cell is more often surgical) Small cell: external beam radiation, cisplatin/ carboplatin, etoposide, irinotecan Non-small cell: brachytherapy, cisplatin/carboplatin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, gemcitabine, irinotecan, etoposide, vinblastine, bevacizumab 60% of people diagnosed die within one year; 75% of people diagnosed die within two years; 16% of people diagnosed with non-small cell cancer are alive at ﬁve years** Surgical if primary tumor has not metastasized (or if only in tracheobronchial lymph nodes), IMRT, paclitaxel, vinorelbine, mitoxantrone, or bisphosphonates (minimizes bone lysis/pain)9,11,50,52,57,60 Prognosis and survival Grade I: 790 days Grade II: 251 days Grade III: 5 days2 No lymph node involvement: 120420 days Lymph node involvement: 60300 days3,8 Grade II: 698 days Grade III: 75 days No lymph node involvement: 412 days Lymph node involvement: 73 days21 * Courtesy of the American Cancer Society. * * This statistic has not improved within the past 10 years. More people die of lung cancer than colon, breast, or prostate cancer combined. 156 March 2008 VETERINARY MEDICINE

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Veterinary Medicine - March 2008 Contents Toxicology Brief Idea Exchange A Challenging Case An Update on Diagnosing and Treating Primary Lung Tumors CE Form Product Preview Advertiser Index Marketplace/Classifieds Mind Over Miller

Veterinary Medicine - March 2008

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