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Primary lung tumors PEER-REVIEWED patient demonstrating partial regression of metastatic hilar lymphadenopathy. Although typical toxicities of systemic doxorubicin chemotherapy (myelosuppression, nausea, and vomiting) were not seen, acute local pulmonary effects (intermittent, nonproductive cough) were noted in about half the dogs. An important nding in this study was that dogs receiving inhalation doxo- illness, including weight loss and lethargy. Several predictive factors including tumor histologic subtype, size, and lymph node involvement have been demonstrated to aid in patient prognostication. Conventional therapeutic recommendations should include surgical resection of the primary tumor and draining lymph nodes, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. In the near future, specialized local therapies Combining two chemotherapy administration routes may exert superior anticancer effects without added toxicity. rubicin on the same day as systemic doxorubicin did not experience any increase in systemic toxicosis, suggesting that inhaled doxorubicin exerted its effects locally.56 Thus, combining two different routes of chemotherapy administration may exert superior anticancer effects without added toxicity.56,57 Inhaled cytokines. Similar to the delivery of inhaled chemotherapy, the aerosol delivery of liposome-encapsulated IL-2 produced clinical responses in dogs with osteosarcoma metastases, with two of four patients achieving complete remission of their metastatic disease.57 Disappointingly, two dogs with primary lung tumors did not respond as well, with one achieving stable disease and the other experiencing progressive disease. Nonetheless, this study demonstrates that antitumor immune responses may be augmented through the delivery of aerosolized cytokines.57 such as IMRT and RFA may provide alternatives to surgery, and aerosolized chemotherapy may be used in conjunction with systemic drug administration to enhance overall anticancer effects. The net effect of these newer therapeutic options would be to provide longer disease-free intervals and survival times in dogs and cats with primary lung tumors. REFERENCES 1. Mehlhaff CJ, Mooney S. Primary pulmonary neoplasia in the dog and cat. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1985;15(5):1061-1067. 2. McNiel EA, Ogilvie GK, Powers BE, et al. Evaluation of prognostic factors for dogs with primary lung tumors: 67 cases (1985-1992). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1997;211(11):1422-1427. 3. Ogilvie GK, Weigel RM, Haschek WM, et al. Prognostic factors for tumor remission and survival in dogs after surgery for primary lung tumors: 76 cases (1975-1985). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1989;195(1):109-112. 4. Ogilvie GK, Haschek WM, Withrow SJ, et al. Classi cation of primary lung tumors in dogs: 210 cases (1975-1985). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1989;195(1):106-108. 5. Wilson DW, Dungworth DL. Tumors of the respiratory tract. In: Meuten DJ, ed. Tumors of domestic animals. 4th ed. Ames: Iowa State Press, 2002;380-392. 6. Withrow SJ. Tumors of the respiratory system: lung cancer. In: Withrow SJ, Vail DM, eds. Withrow and MacEwen’s small animal clinical oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co, 2007;517-525. 7. Paoloni MC, Adams WM, Dubielzig RR, et al. Comparison of results of computed tomography and radiography with histopathologic ndings in tracheobronchial lymph nodes in dogs with primary lung tumors: 14 cases (1999-2002). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2006;228(11):1718-1722. 8. Mehlhaff CJ, Leifer CE, Patnaik AK, et al. Surgical treatment of pulmonary neoplasia in 15 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1984;20:799-803. 9. Milner RJ, Farese J, Henry CJ, et al. Bisphosphonates and cancer. J Vet Intern Med 2004;18(5):597-604. 10. Moulton JE, von Tscharner C, Schneider R. Classi cation of lung carcinomas in the dog and cat. Vet Pathol 1981;18(4):513-528. SUMMARY Primary lung tumors are uncommon in dogs and rare in cats. Most patients will not present with overt clinical signs of respiratory distress, but more commonly primary lung tumors will be incidental ndings or will be the cause of nonspeci c signs of 11. Fan TM, de Lorimier LP, Charney SC, et al. Evaluation of intravenous pamidronate administration in 33 cancer-bearing dogs with primary or secondary bone involvement. J Vet Intern Med 2005;19(1):74-80. 12. Brodey RS, Craig PH. Primary pulmonary neoplasms in the dog: a review of 29 cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1965;147(12):1628-1643. 13. Nielsen SW, Horava A. Primary pulmonary tumors of the dog: a report of sixteen cases. Am J Vet Res 1960;21:813-830. 14. Koblik PD. Radiographic appearance of primary lung tumors in cats. 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Primary pulmonary chondrosarcoma in a dog. Cornell Vet 1992;82(4):447-452. 23. Stephens LC, Gleiser CA, Jardine JH. Primary pulmonary brosarcoma associated with Spirocerca lupi infection in a dog with hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1983;182(5):496-498. 24. Postorino NC, Wheeler SL, Park RD, et al. A syndrome resembling lymphomatoid granulomatosis in the dog. J Vet Intern Med 1989;3(1):15-19. 25. Fitzgerald SD, Wolf DC, Carlton WW. Eight cases of canine lymphomatoid granulomatosis. Vet Pathol 1991;28(3):241-245. 26. Berry CR, Moore PF, Thomas WP, et al. Pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis in seven dogs (1976-1987). J Vet Intern Med 1990;4(3):157-166. 27. Hahn KA, McEntee MF. Prognosis factors for survival in cats after removal of a primary lung tumor: 21 cases (1979-1994). Vet Surg 1998;27(4):307-311. 28. Biery DN. Differentiation of lung diseases of in ammatory or neoplastic origin from lung disease in heart failure. Vet Clin North Am 1974;4:711-721. 29. Reif JS. Solitary pulmonary lesions in small animals. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1969;155(5):717-722. 30. DeBerry JD, Norris CR, Samii VF, et al. Correlation between ne-needle aspiration cytopathology and histopathology of the lung in dogs and cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2002;38(4):327-336. 31. McMillan MC, Kleine LJ, Carpenter JL. Fluoroscopically guided percutaneous ne-needle aspiration biopsy of thoracic lesions in dogs and cats. Vet Radiol 1988;29:195-197. 32. Teske E, Stokhof AA, van den Ingh TS, et al. Transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy of the lung in dogs and cats with pulmonic disease. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1991;27:289-294. 33. Wood EF, O’Brien RT, Young KM. Ultrasound-guided neneedle aspiration of focal parenchymal lesions of the lung in dogs and cats. J Vet Intern Med 1998;12(5):338-342. 34. Unver E, Yilmaz A, Aksoy F, et al. Does needle size affect yield of transthoracic needle biopsy in malignant pulmonary lesions? Comparison of 18-, 22-, and 25-gauge needles in surgical specimens. Respirology 2006;11(5):648-651. 35. Menard M, Papageorges M. Ultrasound corner technique for ultrasound-guided ne needle biopsies. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 1995;36:137-138. 36. Hawkins EC, DeNicola DB, Kuehn NF. Bronchoalveolar lavage in the evaluation of pulmonary disease in the dog and cat. J Vet Intern Med 1990;4(5):267-274. 37. Norris CR, Griffey SM, Samii VF, et al. Comparison of results of thoracic radiography, cytologic evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage uid, and histologic evaluation of lung specimens in dogs with respiratory tract disease: 16 cases (1996-2000). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001;218(9):1456-1461. 38. Norris CR, Griffey SM, Samii VF, et al. Thoracic radiography, bronchoalveolar lavage cytopathology, and pulmonary parenchymal histopathology: a comparison of diagnostic results in 11 cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2002;38(4):337-345. March 2008 VETERINARY MEDICINE

Table of Contents Feed for the Digital Edition of Veterinary Medicine - March 2008

Veterinary Medicine - March 2008 Contents Toxicology Brief Idea Exchange A Challenging Case An Update on Diagnosing and Treating Primary Lung Tumors CE Form Product Preview Advertiser Index Marketplace/Classifieds Mind Over Miller

Veterinary Medicine - March 2008

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