Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - (Page 581) When considering a drug, you must think about pediatric physiology and the drug’s absorption, metabolism, and excretion. O PEER-REVIEWED Carefully consider drug dosages in puppies and kittens L ittle research has been done demonstrating the pharmacokinetics of drugs commonly administered to puppies and kittens or defining the safe and effective doses of these drugs. When considering giving a particular drug, you must think about pediatric physiology and the absorption, metabolism, and excretion of the chosen drug. Hepatic gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, protein synthesis, and bile acid metabolism are decreased in pediatric animals, with adult values achieved after 8 weeks of age.1 These decreases may alter the rate at which drugs are metabolized and will alter the distribution of drugs that are protein-bound in the circulation. The glomerular filtration rate is reduced in puppies and kittens, varying from 20% of adult values at birth to 100% of adult values by several weeks of age.1 Decreased glomerular filtration is associated with longer drug circulation because of decreased excretion rate. For example, consider a 2-week-old puppy. In dogs, 13% of amoxicillin is bound to protein in circulation. It is metabolized in the kidney and liver and excreted in the urine. Because most of the active drug is not protein-bound, the puppy’s decreased protein synthesis may be disregarded. Margaret V. Root However, decreased hepatic and renal function will increase Kustritz, DVM, PhD, DACT the amount of time active amoxicillin is in the circulation. Thus, Department of Veterinary you may consider administering the adult dose but at less freClinical Sciences quent intervals. College of Veterinary Medicine University of Minnesota St. Paul, MN 55108 REFERENCE 1. Root Kustritz MV. Neonatology. In: The practical veterinarian: small animal theriogenology. St. Louis, Mo: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2003;283-329. VETERINARY MEDICINE September 2007 581 http://virbacvet.com http://virbacvet.com
Table of Contents Feed for the Digital Edition of Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 Contents Letters Leading Off The Veterinary Medicine Interview: Dr. William J. Kay Idea Exchange Practical Matters Salivary Mucoceles in Cates: A Retropspective Study of Seven Cases Hyperlipidemia in Dogs and Cats Purina Insert The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus CE Form Product Preview Advertiser Index Marketplace/Classifieds Mind Over Miller Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - (Page Cover1) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - (Page Cover2) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - (Page 563) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - (Page 564) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Contents (Page 565) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Contents (Page 566) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Contents (Page 567) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Contents (Page 568) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Contents (Page 569) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Letters (Page 570) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Letters (Page 571) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Leading Off (Page 572) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Leading Off (Page 573) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Veterinary Medicine Interview: Dr. William J. Kay (Page 574) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Veterinary Medicine Interview: Dr. William J. Kay (Page 575) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Idea Exchange (Page 576) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Idea Exchange (Page 577) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Idea Exchange (Page 578) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Idea Exchange (Page 579) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Practical Matters (Page 580) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Practical Matters (Page 581) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Salivary Mucoceles in Cates: A Retropspective Study of Seven Cases (Page 582) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Salivary Mucoceles in Cates: A Retropspective Study of Seven Cases (Page 583) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Salivary Mucoceles in Cates: A Retropspective Study of Seven Cases (Page 584) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Salivary Mucoceles in Cates: A Retropspective Study of Seven Cases (Page 585) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Salivary Mucoceles in Cates: A Retropspective Study of Seven Cases (Page 586) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Salivary Mucoceles in Cates: A Retropspective Study of Seven Cases (Page 587) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Hyperlipidemia in Dogs and Cats (Page 588) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Hyperlipidemia in Dogs and Cats (Page 589) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Hyperlipidemia in Dogs and Cats (Page 590) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Hyperlipidemia in Dogs and Cats (Page 591) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Hyperlipidemia in Dogs and Cats (Page 592) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Hyperlipidemia in Dogs and Cats (Page 593) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Hyperlipidemia in Dogs and Cats (Page 594) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Purina Insert (Page S1) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Purina Insert (Page S2) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Purina Insert (Page S3) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Purina Insert (Page S4) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Purina Insert (Page S5) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Purina Insert (Page S6) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Purina Insert (Page S7) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Purina Insert (Page S8) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Purina Insert (Page 595) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Purina Insert (Page 596) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Purina Insert (Page 597) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Purina Insert (Page 598) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Purina Insert (Page 599) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 600) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 601) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 602) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 603) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 604) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 605) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 606) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 607) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 608) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 609) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 610) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 611) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 612) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 613) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 614) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 615) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 616) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - The Latest Management Recommendations for Cats and Dogs with Nonketotic Diabetes Mellitus (Page 617) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - CE Form (Page 618) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Product Preview (Page 619) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Advertiser Index (Page 620) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Marketplace/Classifieds (Page 621) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Marketplace/Classifieds (Page 622) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Marketplace/Classifieds (Page 623) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Marketplace/Classifieds (Page 624) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Marketplace/Classifieds (Page 625) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Mind Over Miller (Page 626) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Mind Over Miller (Page Cover3) Veterinary Medicine - September 2007 - Mind Over Miller (Page Cover4)
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