American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2016 - 89

SpecialReport: Tubulars Technology
20 percent," he reports. "For example,
we milled cast iron bridge plugs that normally would take an hour in 45 minutes.
"We see a much bigger difference
when milling through objects that never
were intended to be milled, such as collapsed casing or the seats from a balland-seat completion," Daley says. "In
surface tests, we have tried to get through
P110 steel used in the seats using a traditional mill. With rotation and torque
alone, we could not get through even
after four hours. But with percussion
added, we got through in one hour."
Daley says the ability to mill through
permanent completions will be game
changing. "In areas such as the Bakken,
operators are finding the obstructions left
behind by ball-and-seat completions may
be hindering production," he says. "In
some wells, production is 60 percent of
what it should be."
Daley indicates the motor may be
most compelling when milling out composite plugs in stick pipe operations. "It
takes only 10 minutes to mill through
some of the best plugs on the market
with today's tools, so speeding that process
10 percent will have only a minor effect
on efficiency," he acknowledges. "However, because the motor moves the bit up
and down, it breaks static friction, which
could reduce the time it takes to trip between plugs."
In many applications, wash-out times
range from 30 to 60 minutes, Daley notes.
"If we can take three, four or five minutes
off each trip on a 40-plug well, the time
savings are going to add up," he enthuses.
The hammer drill motor has done well
in field tests, Daley reports. "In the next
few months, we are doing big projects in
the Northeast, Texas, and North Dakota,"
he says. "As those wrap up, we think we
will have gone through a wide enough
variety of scenarios to feel confident
bringing the tool to market."
Extending Reach
To accommodate longer laterals, coiled
tubing service providers have had to modify much of their equipment, relates Jeff
Seal, U.S. coiled tubing technical manager
for C&J Energy Services Ltd.
"Today, we use coiled tubing that is
23⁄8 or 25⁄8 inches in diameter because the
larger size enables us to push farther into
the lateral," he says. "In addition, it lets
us achieve higher pump rates at lower
pressures. Using bigger motors and tools,

we are able to get rates of 4.5-5.0 barrels
a minute down a 25⁄8-inch string. That
eliminates the need for short trips by
generating the higher annular velocities
needed to keep the hole clean."
Improved tapered string designs, higher
tensile strength coiled tubing, and better
lubricants for minimizing the friction between the casing and coil have given CT
longer reach, Seal continues. "We also
are seeing improvements in the agitators
and hydraulic hammers available for reducing friction on the coiled tubing," he
reports.
Joel McClurkin, C&J's product line
manager, concurs that agitators are playing
a critical role. "For the through-tubing
side of the business, agitators are the
product customers ask about most frequently," he reports. "That is why we are
developing our own."
In designing its agitator, McClurkin
says C&J has focused on minimizing
costs. "In this market, it is very important
to have a cost-competitive tool," he explains. "Our design uses less-expensive
components. Unlike traditional agitators,
it is free of elastomers, which means we
can redress it without changing seals.
Our goal is to cut redress costs in half."
Because it has no elastomers, McClurkin says the agitator works with any
reasonable intervention fluid, including
nitrogen. "Also, our design is two feet

long rather than six, reducing the amount
of riser pipe the crane needs to lift," he
adds.
Early field tests have gone well, McClurkin reports. He says the company
hopes to commercialize the agitator late
this year or early next year.
"In addition to the agitator, we are developing a circulation sub that will divert
flow away from flow-sensitive components
such as the motor," McClurkin says. "By
doing so, we can pump fluid at higher
velocities to achieve even better hole
cleaning."
Monitoring Tubing Condition
The downturn has reinforced the industry's focus on minimizing costs and
maximizing efficiencies during well intervention operations, observes Paul Black,
vice president of CTES, a business group
within NOV Completion & Production
Solutions. For coiled tubing service
providers, that means trying to get as
much life as possible from each string of
coiled tubing.
"We provide software that is used by
CT service providers to track coiled tubing
fatigue in real time as it is being deployed
in and out of the well," Black says. "By
doing so, the CT service providers can
maximize tubing life without risking a
downhole failure or safety hazard."
Black says CTES has been working

C&J Energy Services Ltd. reports its Endeavor ER™ coiled tubing units have the capacity to hold 25,000 feet of 23⁄8-inch coiled tubing. In combination with better tapered
string designs and friction reducers, the units help the company use coiled tubing in
lengthy laterals.

SEPTEMBER 2016 89



American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2016

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2016

Contents
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2016 - Cover1
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2016 - Cover2
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2016 - Contents
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2016 - 4
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2016 - Cover3
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2016 - Cover4
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