ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 48

full knowledge of the statistical likelihood of discomfort. This information must be held up against the expectations of the occupant populations for the given application. Future Steps and Lessons Learned Atria Louvers Open Hallway Vent Open As can be seen from the comparison table, three of the four case study buildings are just in the process of opening and do not yet have documented energy data or post-occupancy evaluations, although most are targeted to do so in late 2008 and through 2009. The Kirsch Center has had its one-year LEED-related postoccupancy evaluations with positive results from the permanent staff within the building and won the Center for the Built Environment’s Livable Buildings award. What is known from the collection of buildings is that the following are essential to making a BMS-involved mixed mode building work from day one: A client who is committed to the design scheme after the early-phase exploration; An analysis team capable of delivering accurate, peer-reviewed confidencebuilding calculation results that predict the distribution of air and temperature in the naturally ventilated or conditioned spaces; A design team that is committed to resolving all auxiliary issues related to delivering natural ventilation as a viable environmental system (i.e., acoustics, fire, opening positions, building envelope performance, security, outdoor air quality, furniture and partition design, daylighting and lighting controls); An authority-having-jurisdiction willing to entertain the natural ventilation approach; A general contractor who understand how the system and its associated components will work; A controls contractor who has the technical ability to work beyond the usual “canned” subroutines and can provide unique programming sequences to control devices outside of the typical HVAC scope; A fully commissioned controls system that is pretested and trended for temper48 ASHRAE Journal Atria Windows (1st–3rd Floors) Open Green Signal (1st – 3rd Floors) Window Awnings (1st – 3rd Floors) (Actuated) Open Atria Windows (1st–3rd Floors) Open Figure 3: Operating principles for the Yang and Yamazaki Environment and Energy building. ature and device response status in each type of naturally ventilated space; The systematic education of the occupants regarding the intent of the building design and their role in working with the building and the facilities manager; and An acknowledgement by all parties that these buildings are site-specific with design based on assumptions and simulations, and will take some tweaking during the first year to adjust setpoints for the actual internal loads in the asconstructed building envelope. Because of the limited pool of evaluated buildings, lessons learned on naturally ventilated buildings come primarily from reviewing case studies. The burden is on each design engineer to familiarize himself with the available studies and to make a professional judgment regarding applicability of the approach, once he has corrected for climate, occupancy type, and component configuration. If natural ventilation is to be more widely accepted in the U.S. as an alternate approach, systematic research is required similar to the work of Dr. Gail Brager at the Center for the Built Environment at the University of California, Berkeley.4 The owners of the four most recent projects in this article know that the works are educational, somewhat experimental attempts to push constructed mixed mode examples into the AEC industry’s consciousness. Committed throughout the design process to the hope of natural ashrae.org Figure © Arup Planetarium 81.0 80.5 80.0 Temperature (°F) 79.5 79.0 78.5 78.0 77.5 77.0 76.5 Rainforest 76.0 75.5 74.5 74.0 Figure 4: Sample results from the computational fluid dynamics analysis of the California Academy of Sciences Exhibition Hall. ventilation’s realization, they are equally committed to publically disseminating data and lessons learned as they live through their first years of operation. References 1. Center for the Built Environment at the University of California, Berkeley Mixed Mode Web Site. www.cbe.berkeley.edu/ mixedmode/aboutmm.html. 2. Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers. 2005. Natural Ventilation in Non-Domestic Buildings. London: CIBSE. 3. U.S. Green Building Council. 2006. LEED® for New Construction Version 2.2 Reference Guide, Second Edition. 4. Brager, G., de Dear. 2000. “A standard for natural ventilation.” ASHRAE Journal 42(10):21 – 28. September 2008 Figure © Arup

ASHRAE Journal- September 2008

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal- September 2008

Section: Contents
Daikin AC (Americas), Inc.
Contents
Section: Commentary
Reliable Controls Co.
Options for Sustainability
Section: Industry News
The Silk Route for Energy
Taco
Solar Thermal Is Unrealized Opportunity
Industry Groups Sue City of Albuquerque
Jaeggi/Guentner Ltd
TABB
Section: Letters
Bryan Steam LLC
Letters
C&D International
Section: Meetings and Shows
Ductmate Industries, Inc.
Meetings and Shows
Florida Solar Energy Center
Section: Feature Articles
Article-Radiant Floor Cooling Systems
Fantech, Inc.
MGM Products
Article-HVAC Design for Sustainable Lab
Article-Mixed Mode Ventilation
Mayekawa Japan
Article-Single- Design Considerations For Active Chilled Beams
Article-Acoustic Design In Green Buildings
Article-Teams, Contracts & BIM
RenewAire LLC
Section: Building Sciences
Ziehl-Abegg Inc
Some Old Lessons Distilled
Section: Washington Report
*ASHRAE Standard and Guidelines & Handbook CD+
*Bock Kaltemaschinen Gmbh
Energy in Federal Buildings
Shortridge Instruments Inc.
Section: Products
Munters Corp., Dehumidification Div.
HVAC&R Product Showplace
Section: Emerging Technologies
Toplighting & Lighting Controls For Commercial Buildings
Section: Special Products
Raypak, Inc.
Fans & Blowers
Vaisala
Section: Classified Ads
Carlyle Compressor Co.
Classified Ads
Greenheck Fan Corp.
Section: Advertising Index
Electro Static Technology
Advertising Index
Conn-Fab
Sapa Extrusions, Inc.
Miura Boilers
Seiho International
Solvay Fluor
Wrightsoft
Acutherm
LG Electronics
Dwyer Instruments
Fulton Companies, The
Belimo Aircontrols USA
Carlyle Compressor Co.
Grundfos Pumps
Chillventa
Idemitsu Lubricants America Corporation
Climatemaster
Knauf Insulation
Ductsox Corp.
NAIMA/NIA
Thybar Corp.
Danfoss Inc.
ASHRAE Standard 62.1
United Metal Products
U.S. Green Building Council
CES Group
Specific Systems, Ltd
Metraflex
Parker Boiler Co.
Reznor
AHR Expo-Chicago
APEX Engineering
Goodway Technologies Corp.
McQuay International
Siemens Energy & Auto.
A-J Manufacturing Co. Inc.
Rotor Source
Petra Engineering Industries Co.
*Alerton
*Mitsubishi
Carnes Co.
Honeywell Analytics Inc.
Anvil
Watt Stopper/Legrand
Extech Instruments Corp.
ASHRAE-High Performance Building Design Professional
Viconics
Schneider Electric
Aggreko
Ebtron
Munters Corp., Dehumidification Div.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Cover1
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Daikin AC (Americas), Inc.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 1
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Reliable Controls Co.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Contents
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Taco
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Options for Sustainability
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - The Silk Route for Energy
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - TABB
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Bryan Steam LLC
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - C&D International
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Ductmate Industries, Inc.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Florida Solar Energy Center
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Letters
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - MGM Products
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Meetings and Shows
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Mayekawa Japan
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Article-Radiant Floor Cooling Systems
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 17
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - RenewAire LLC
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Ziehl-Abegg Inc
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 20
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - *Bock Kaltemaschinen Gmbh
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Shortridge Instruments Inc.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Munters Corp., Dehumidification Div.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Article-HVAC Design for Sustainable Lab
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 25
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 26
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Raypak, Inc.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Vaisala
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Carlyle Compressor Co.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Greenheck Fan Corp.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Electro Static Technology
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Conn-Fab
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Sapa Extrusions, Inc.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 34
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Miura Boilers
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Article-Mixed Mode Ventilation
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 37
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Seiho International
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Solvay Fluor
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 40
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 41
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Wrightsoft
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Acutherm
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 44
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - LG Electronics
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 46
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Dwyer Instruments
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 48
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Fulton Companies, The
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Article-Single- Design Considerations For Active Chilled Beams
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 51
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Belimo Aircontrols USA
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Carlyle Compressor Co.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 54
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Grundfos Pumps
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 56
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Chillventa
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Idemitsu Lubricants America Corporation
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Climatemaster
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Article-Acoustic Design In Green Buildings
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Knauf Insulation
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Ductsox Corp.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - NAIMA/NIA
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Thybar Corp.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Danfoss Inc.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - United Metal Products
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - U.S. Green Building Council
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - CES Group
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Specific Systems, Ltd
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Parker Boiler Co.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Reznor
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Article-Teams, Contracts & BIM
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - AHR Expo-Chicago
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Goodway Technologies Corp.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - McQuay International
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 76
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Siemens Energy & Auto.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Rotor Source
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Petra Engineering Industries Co.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 80
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - *Mitsubishi
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Some Old Lessons Distilled
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 83
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 84
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Carnes Co.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 86
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Honeywell Analytics Inc.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Energy in Federal Buildings
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Anvil
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - HVAC&R Product Showplace
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 91
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Toplighting & Lighting Controls For Commercial Buildings
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Watt Stopper/Legrand
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 94
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Extech Instruments Corp.
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - ASHRAE-High Performance Building Design Professional
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Viconics
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Fans & Blowers
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Schneider Electric
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 100
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Classified Ads
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Aggreko
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - 103
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Advertising Index
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Ebtron
ASHRAE Journal- September 2008 - Munters Corp., Dehumidification Div.
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_MCDEBX
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_WNYSQY
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_XATVOD
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_FJSHSS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_CCBZDS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_XDEFVG
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2023november_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2023november
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_VHGNBL
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_WPKBNJ
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_UUVCDE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_RTGDEW
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraemexico_2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_LKRFXS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_AZSOFG
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_ERCDBH
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_QWDFRV
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_JHGVDF
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_OPUYHG
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_SREIBM
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_LRTGLK
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_OKRFGH
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2022november_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2022november
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_TZSERA
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_LVRUIX
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_RPTVYZ
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/mini_pub_catalog
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_XIYTGD
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraemexico_2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_RFGDOB
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_PABXNU
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_REMKLS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_PICVBT
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_AOYTVW
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_JQOPLS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_IOYTBC
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_SGAJJF
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_IGHYER
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_PDRKLS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2021november
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2021november_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_XCODFR
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_QSLFGO
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_ILKVNM
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraemexico_2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_OPDJKD
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_VJKSRY
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_SDHUTC
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_JPPKRR
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_SDLTTH
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_CKLLES
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_SLDOX
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_HJETUK
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_OLUHGE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2020october
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2020october_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_ZERDGH
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_QVMNEO
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_RTPOKE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_BBATRE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_STUBMW
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_TPEMPE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_JNMKDS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_FBTTPA
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_WQMMNE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_TVBRYN
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_showguide2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_KTUZMA
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_ABEDGD
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201909
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2019septmeber_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2019september
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201908
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201907
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201906
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201905
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201904
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_2019april
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201903
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_2019march
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201902
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_showguide2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_2018december
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_2018november
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2018fall_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2018fall
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_2018october
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraemexico_2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201810
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraeinsights_201806
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201805
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201804
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201803
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201712
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201711
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201710
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2017fall_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2017fall
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201709
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201705
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashrae_meetinginsert_201610
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2016fall_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2016fall
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_acrexindia
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2015summer_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2015summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/amca/2014summer2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/amca/2014summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_acma_2014summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201311
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201309
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_acmasupp_2013fall
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201305
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201303
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/pubcatalog_2013winter
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201211
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/achr_expo_mexico2012
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201209
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201208_v3
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201208_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/pubcatalog_2012summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201205
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201203
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/pubcatalog_2012winter
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201111_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201109_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/pubcatalog_2011summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201105
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201103
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com