ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 52

Photo 1: Increased thermal resistance. Lots of thermal insulation is in the building enclosure. This is spray-applied cellulose with insulating sheathing in a wood frame wall. Photo 2: Impermeable interior lining. Polyethylene vapor barrier on the interior of a wood frame wall is causing mischief. Photo 3: Vinyl wall covering. This is bad, very bad indeed. 5 Fundamental Changes In the Last 50 Years By Joseph W. Lstiburek, Ph.D., P.Eng., Fellow ASHRAE F olks are always asking me, “Why are we having so many problems with buildings today? We never seemed to worry about rot, corrosion and mold before.” What’s going on? What’s different? Is it workmanship? Builders and contractors are pretty bad today, right? No, it’s not workmanship and the trades. It is always convenient to blame workmanship and the trades when you don’t understand the problem. If you do the wrong thing right, it’s still wrong? Right? This is the basic difference between quality control and quality assurance. Quality assurance is figuring out what the right thing to do is. Quality control is executing it. For most of the past few decades, we have been focusing on quality control and have been missing the quality assurance part. We have been doing the wrong things, but we have been doing them really well. We have missed some basic fundamental changes to our industry. 52 ASHRAE Journal Five fundamental changes to building construction have occurred in the last 50 years. They happened so gradually and insidiously that we missed their enormous significance. The five fundamental changes are: • Increased thermal resistance (Photo 1); • A change in the permeability of the linings that we put on the inside and outside of building enclosures (Photos 2 and 3); • Water and mold sensitivity of building materials (Photo 4); • The ability of the building enclosure to store and redistribute moisture (Photo 5); and • Complex three dimensional airflow networks that inadvertently couple the building enclosure to the breathing zone of the occupied space via the mechanical system (Figure 1). Fundamental change number one is reducing the drying potential of the enclosure by adding thermal resistance. One of the reasons older buildings were ashrae.org Photo 4: Mold sensitive materials. Engineered wood materials manufactured from OSB and composite wood layers. This is mold food par excellence. so durable is that when they got wet they didn’t stay wet very long. Repeated wetting followed by repeated drying was never a problem. Older buildings got wet, but they dried quickly. What made it all work was massive energy exchange. The energy flow across building enclosures allowed them to dry to the outside and inside. What changed is that we have steadily reduced the drying potential of the building enclosure by increasing thermal resistance, thereby reducing energy flows and drying. Energy hogs were hogs, but they were durable hogs. It gets worse. As surfaces July 2009

ASHRAE Journal - July 2009

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal - July 2009

ASHRAE Journal - July 2009
Contents
Commentary
Industry News
Letters
Meetings and Shows
Feature Articles
     Using Direct Evaporative and Chilled Water Cooling
     Solving Kitchen Ventilation Problems
     Case Against Balancing Valves
     Integrated Design and UFAD
     Anniversary Feature: System Design for Compressor Reliability
Building Sciences
     Sustainable Products Capabilities
Special Products Information Section
Emerging Technologies
Washington Report
Products
People
Special Products
Classified Advertising
Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - ASHRAE Journal - July 2009
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - Cover2
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 1
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 2
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - Contents
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 4
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - Commentary
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - Industry News
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 7
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - Letters
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 9
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 10
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 11
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 12
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 13
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - Meetings and Shows
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 15
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 -      Using Direct Evaporative and Chilled Water Cooling
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 17
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 18
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 19
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 -      Solving Kitchen Ventilation Problems
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 21
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 22
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 23
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 24
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 25
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 -      Case Against Balancing Valves
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 27
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 28
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 29
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 -      Integrated Design and UFAD
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 31
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 32
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - BRC1
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - BRC2
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 33
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 34
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 35
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 36
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 37
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 38
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 39
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 40
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 41
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 -      Anniversary Feature: System Design for Compressor Reliability
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 43
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 44
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 45
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 46
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 47
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 48
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 49
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 50
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 51
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - Building Sciences
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 53
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 54
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 55
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 56
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - Special Products Information Section
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 58
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 59
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 60
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 61
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 62
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 63
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 64
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 65
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 66
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 67
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 68
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 69
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 70
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 71
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 72
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 73
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 74
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 75
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 76
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 77
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 78
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 79
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 80
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 81
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 82
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 83
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 84
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 85
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 86
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 87
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 88
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 89
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 90
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 91
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 92
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 93
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 94
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 95
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 96
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 97
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 98
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 99
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 100
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 101
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 102
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 103
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - Emerging Technologies
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 105
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 106
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 107
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - Washington Report
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - Products
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - People
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 111
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - Special Products
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 113
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 114
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 115
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 116
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - Classified Advertising
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 118
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - 119
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - Cover3
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - Cover4
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S1
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S2
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S3
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S4
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S5
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S6
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S7
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S8
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S9
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S10
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S11
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S12
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S13
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S14
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S15
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S16
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S17
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S18
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S19
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S20
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S21
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S22
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S23
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S24
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S25
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S26
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S27
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S28
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S29
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S30
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S31
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S32
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S33
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S34
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S35
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S36
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S37
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S38
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S39
ASHRAE Journal - July 2009 - S40
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_MCDEBX
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_WNYSQY
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_XATVOD
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_FJSHSS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_CCBZDS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_XDEFVG
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2023november_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2023november
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_VHGNBL
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_WPKBNJ
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_UUVCDE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_RTGDEW
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraemexico_2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_LKRFXS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_AZSOFG
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_ERCDBH
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_QWDFRV
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_JHGVDF
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_OPUYHG
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_SREIBM
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_LRTGLK
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_OKRFGH
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2022november_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2022november
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_TZSERA
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_LVRUIX
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_RPTVYZ
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/mini_pub_catalog
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_XIYTGD
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraemexico_2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_RFGDOB
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_PABXNU
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_REMKLS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_PICVBT
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_AOYTVW
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_JQOPLS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_IOYTBC
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_SGAJJF
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_IGHYER
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_PDRKLS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2021november
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2021november_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_XCODFR
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_QSLFGO
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_ILKVNM
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraemexico_2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_OPDJKD
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_VJKSRY
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_SDHUTC
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_JPPKRR
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_SDLTTH
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_CKLLES
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_SLDOX
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_HJETUK
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_OLUHGE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2020october
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2020october_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_ZERDGH
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_QVMNEO
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_RTPOKE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_BBATRE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_STUBMW
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_TPEMPE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_JNMKDS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_FBTTPA
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_WQMMNE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_TVBRYN
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_showguide2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_KTUZMA
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_ABEDGD
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201909
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2019septmeber_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2019september
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201908
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201907
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201906
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201905
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201904
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_2019april
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201903
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_2019march
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201902
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_showguide2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_2018december
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_2018november
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2018fall_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2018fall
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_2018october
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraemexico_2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201810
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraeinsights_201806
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201805
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201804
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201803
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201712
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201711
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201710
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2017fall_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2017fall
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201709
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201705
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashrae_meetinginsert_201610
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2016fall_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2016fall
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_acrexindia
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2015summer_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2015summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/amca/2014summer2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/amca/2014summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_acma_2014summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201311
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201309
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_acmasupp_2013fall
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201305
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201303
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/pubcatalog_2013winter
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201211
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/achr_expo_mexico2012
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201209
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201208_v3
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201208_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/pubcatalog_2012summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201205
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201203
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/pubcatalog_2012winter
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201111_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201109_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/pubcatalog_2011summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201105
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201103
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com