ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 20

Figure 1a. The outdoor air damper is not opening, which could be caused by any of the underlying faults that result in this condition, stuck dampers, disconnected linkages, failed actuators, or a disconnected actuator wire. Although only data for one day are shown in the two plots in Figure 1, the behavior would ordinarily be examined over many days to determine whether the underlying cause of the fault is intermittent or continuous. Air-Handler Discharge Static Pressure The second example relates to determining whether the discharge-air static pressure is reasonably controlled. In a variable-air-volume (VAV) system, if the static pressure is too low, most of the VAV terminal boxes served by the subject air handler will be starved of air and have their dampers nearly fully open during normal (nondesign condition) occupied operation (Figure 2a); if the static pressure is too great, the VAV boxes will have their dampers nearly completely closed to limit airflow into the zones (Figure 2b). For an air handler with a variable speed supply fan, the static pressure can be corrected by simply adjusting the static pressure setpoint. Monitoring of the damper positions using the same trend data and plots initially used to detect the problem can be used to verify that the proper distribution of damper positions has been achieved or determine that further adjustment in the setpoint is required. When air is discharged at a good static pressure, most of the VAV box dampers will be operating between about 50% and 75% open (Figures 3a and 3b) on days not close to design conditions. Results from the Field In several cases, this issue has been discussed with organization management as a problem that might be corrected by clearly communicating to operations staff and subcontractors that they have the authority and are expected to make changes to system operations as part of the retuning process. In most buildings, progress is continuing in the desired direction, although in many cases slowly. This is an important issue that must be addressed to achieve the maximum energy savings and improvement in building operations. Retuning is planned for about 26 more large commercial buildings under the pilot program for a total of 56 buildings and over 10 million ft2 (929 000 m2) of floor space. The energy savings evaluations will not be completed for several months. Preliminary estimates of energy savings for four buildings retuned by one service provider in Seattle show savings from 1% to 19%. The lower energy savings are for buildings where many of the potential improvements identified were not implemented because they required changes to parameters (e.g., setpoints) embedded in control code and not available through the control system’s user interface. The higher energy savings portend significant benefits from the retuning process, provided the operational faults identified during retuning are corrected. Future Dissemination Interim results from retuning the first 30 buildings in the Washington pilot project reveal a few important observations: • A number of operational problems have been found in many buildings. The three most common are: 1) systems running at times when they are not needed, 2) poor economizer operation, and 3) no reset used for chilled or hot water. Each of these problems was found in more than one-third of the buildings retuned so far. • The reception to retuning training has been enthusiastic. Program participants see significant value in leveraging BASs to detect operational issues and graphically diagnosing their causes. Many positive comments on course content have been received from the managers and the technicians trained, and two organizations have asked for expanded offerings of the training. • Despite the positive response to the training classes, many buildings staff are reluctant to make changes to systems for fear that anything changed could lead to occupant dissatisfaction and complaints. This reaction is common even for changes that can be implemented at little or no cost and have a high probability of significant energy savings and improved control of comfort conditions. This has limited the rate of implementation of corrective actions during initial retuning and required that many recommended actions be put on a list of actions deferred for future implementation. 20 ASHRAE Journal The Washington program is pilot testing retuning for large commercial buildings. The approach could be replicated in other locations or other approaches could be used for training and information dissemination. Widespread use of retuning could be supported and encouraged through government and utility programs similar to the Washington program or through education in community colleges, trade schools, and continuing-education programs are offered by professional and trade organizations. The tools developed to support the pilot program also could be made available more widely to building operators and engineers. Work done to date has focused on developing the retuning process, delivering training to implementers, and testing the effectiveness of the process rather than on developing a business model for delivering retuning as a commercial service. Some service providers participating in the pilot program, however, have indicated that being a leader in offering such services keeps them at the forefront of their industry and differentiates them from their competition. Others see retuning as a way to effectively contribute to the sustainability of our planet. The authors envision creative entrepreneurs in this field developing ways to deliver retuning services as a product offering in the future. Conclusions Retuning focused on low-cost improvements to building operation provides a promising initial alternative to complete retrocommissioning of existing buildings. It can be implemented at little cost besides labor. Although energy-saving capital improvements are identified during retuning, their potential impacts are not analyzed in detail and they are not implemented as part of this process. They do, however, provide a starting point for evaluating future investments. Retuning emphasizes first getting ashrae.org October 2009

ASHRAE Journal - October 2009

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal - October 2009

ASHRAE Journal - October 2009
Table of Contents
Commentary
Industry News
Letters
Meetings and Shows
Commercial Building Retuning
Simplified GCHP System
50th Anniversary Feature: The Sistine Chapel
Designing Chilled Beams for Thermal Comfort
Building Sciences
ASHRAE Research Report
ASHRAE Honor Roll
Technical Topics
Emerging Technologies
Special Products
International Column
Products
People
Classified Advertising
Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - ASHRAE Journal - October 2009
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Cover2
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 1
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 2
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Table of Contents
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 4
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Commentary
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Industry News
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 7
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 8
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Letters
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Meetings and Shows
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 11
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Commercial Building Retuning
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 13
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 14
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 15
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 16
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 17
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 18
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 19
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 20
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 21
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 22
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 23
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Simplified GCHP System
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 25
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 26
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 27
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 28
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 29
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 30
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 31
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 32
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 33
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 33a
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 33b
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 34
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 35
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 36
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 37
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 38
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 39
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 40
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 41
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 50th Anniversary Feature: The Sistine Chapel
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 43
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 44
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 45
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 46
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 47
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 48
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 49
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 50
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 51
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 52
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 53
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 54
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 55
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 56
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 57
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Designing Chilled Beams for Thermal Comfort
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 59
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 60
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 61
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 62
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 63
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 64
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Building Sciences
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 66
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 67
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 68
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - ASHRAE Research Report
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 70
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 71
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 72
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 73
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 74
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 75
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 76
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 77
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 78
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 79
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 80
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - ASHRAE Honor Roll
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR2
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR3
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR4
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR5
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR6
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR7
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR8
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR9
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR10
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR11
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR12
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR13
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR14
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR15
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR16
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR17
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR18
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR19
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR20
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR21
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR22
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR23
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR24
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR25
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR26
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR27
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR28
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR29
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR30
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - HR31
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 80a
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 80b
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 80c
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 80d
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 80e
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Technical Topics
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Emerging Technologies
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 83
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 84
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 85
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Special Products
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 87
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - International Column
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 89
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Products
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - People
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 92
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Classified Advertising
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 94
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - 95
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Cover3
ASHRAE Journal - October 2009 - Cover4
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