ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 132

emerging technologies	
data. It calculates an Equivalent Temperature (ET) that takes into account the effects of outdoor air temperature, solar radiation, and wind on indoor air temperature. The ET is then used to regulate the buildings heating and cooling. In addition to energy savings, indoor air temperature was more stable. The unit is also built to learn from previous weather forecasts.7 Predictive control is not limited to commercial buildings. Another manufacturer produces a thermostat with wirelessly generated and managed climate control for residential buildings. The thermostat and the manufacturer’s servers communicate via the household’s Internet connection. After an initial data gathering phase, a household thermal profile based on consumer use and behavior and 24-hour local weather forecasts is compiled. This profile is used to implement “energysmart” heating and cooling control. Additionally, the system does not override cost saving temperatures set by the user. A trial in 2,000 households by Oncor Utilities in Texas resulted in heating and air-conditioning power cuts of 20% to 30% and annual savings up to $400. It also achieved complete AC turnoff at peak hours due to precooling.8 These examples indicate that approximately 10% of the energy to condition buildings can potentially be saved by the use of control algorithms using forecasted weather conditions. that provides significantly better part-load performance, resulting in tangible benefits of lower total annual energy cost and better comfort control in the building. The implementation of using real-time, modeled, and forecast weather information in control systems that optimize the operation of buildings is in its infancy, as discussed earlier. Commercial products have begun to emerge. For example, the Dallas Morning News reported that the residential system described previously can be installed for $19.95.9

references
1. Seo, D., J. Huang, and M. Krarti. 2010. “Impact of typical weather year selection on E analysis of Building. ASHRAE Transactions 116(1). http://tinyurl.com/seo-huang. 2. Crawley, D. B. 1998. “Which weather data should you use for energy simulations of commercial buildings?” ASHRAE Transactions 104(2). http://tinyurl.com/crawley1998. 3. Seo, D., J. Huang, and M. Krarti. 2009. “Evaluation of typical weather year selection approaches of energy analysis of buildings.” ASHRAE Transactions 115(2). http://tinyurl. com/seo-huang2009. 4. Florita, A.R. and G.P. Henze. 2009. “Comparison of short-term weather forecasting models for model predictive control.” HVAC&R Research 15(5). http://tinyurl.com/florita. 5. Oldewurtel, F., et al. 2010. “Increasing Energy Efficiency in Building Climate Control using Weather Forecasts and Model Predictive Control.” Proceedings of the Clima 2010 Conference in Antalya. http://tinyurl.com/Oldewurtel. 6. Zavala, V .M., E.M. Constantinescu, and M. Anitescu. 2010. “Economic Impacts of Advanced Weather forecasting on Energy System Operations.” IEEE PES Conference on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies. http:// tinyurl.com/2dcr267. 7. “Local weather forecasts control building HVAC system.” CADDET Energy Efficiency. http://tinyurl.com/localforecasts. 8. Kanellos, M. 2009. “The Smart Home That’s Tuned to the Weather.” http://tinyurl. com/tunedweather. 9. Souder, E. 2010. “New thermostat system lets you have your favorite temperature and pay less for it too.” http://tinyurl.com/newthermostat.

market Factors
The hourly data weather data sets and a variety of hour-by-hour building energy modeling software are readily available. Access to the weather data sets and building energy modeling software like Energy Plus is inexpensive or free. Detailed hour-by-hour modeling using hourly weather data sets has become commonplace in the evaluation of design alternatives and the design of HVAC systems for larger buildings. For residential and small commercial buildings, calculating design loads based on high and low design temperatures is still common practice. The economic issue is when the added cost of the more involved hour-by-hour modeling exercise can be expected to be justified by helping to guide the selection of equipment
	

www.info.hotims.com/30922-4

Alissa Cooperman is a technologist and John Dieckmann is a director in the Mechanical Systems Group of TIAX LLC, Cambridge, Mass. James Brodrick, Ph.D., is a project manager with the Building Technologies Program, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C.
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ASHRAE Journal - December 2010

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal - December 2010

ASHRAE Journal - December 2010
Contents
Commentary
Industry News
Letters
Meetings and Shows
Q&A: New HFO-Based Option
Feature Articles
Optimizing Building Controls During Commissioning
Radiant Slab Cooling for Retail
Data Center Retrofit: Heat Containment and Airflow Management
Green Call Center
Building Sciences
New Product Preview
Commissioning
Emerging Technologies
Solar NZEB Project
IAQ Applications
Engineer’s Notebook
Special Products
Washington Report
Products
2010 ASHRAE Journal Indices
Classified Advertising
Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - ASHRAE Journal - December 2010
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Cover2
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 1
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 2
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Contents
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Commentary
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 5
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Industry News
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 7
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 8
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 9
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Letters
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 11
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 12
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 13
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Meetings and Shows
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 15
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Q&A: New HFO-Based Option
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 17
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 18
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 19
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 20
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 21
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Optimizing Building Controls During Commissioning
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 23
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 24
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 25
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 26
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 27
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Radiant Slab Cooling for Retail
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 29
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 30
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 31
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 32
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 32a
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 32b
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 33
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 34
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 35
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 36
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 37
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 38
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 39
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Data Center Retrofit: Heat Containment and Airflow Management
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 41
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 42
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 43
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 44
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 45
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 46
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 47
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 48
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 49
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Green Call Center
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 51
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 52
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 53
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 54
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 55
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Building Sciences
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 57
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 58
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 59
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 60
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 61
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 62
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - New Product Preview
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 64
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 65
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 66
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 67
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 68
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 69
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ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 79
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ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 81
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 82
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 83
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 84
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 85
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 86
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 87
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 88
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 89
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 90
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 91
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 92
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 93
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 94
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 95
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 96
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 97
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 98
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 99
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 100
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 101
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 102
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 103
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 104
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 105
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 106
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 107
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 108
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 109
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 110
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 111
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 112
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 113
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 114
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 115
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 116
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 117
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 118
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 119
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 120
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 121
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 122
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 123
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 124
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Commissioning
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 126
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 127
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 128
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 129
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Emerging Technologies
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 131
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 132
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 133
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Solar NZEB Project
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 135
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 136
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 137
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - IAQ Applications
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 139
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 140
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 141
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Engineer’s Notebook
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Special Products
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Washington Report
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 145
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Products
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 147
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 148
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 149
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 2010 ASHRAE Journal Indices
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 151
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 152
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 153
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 154
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 155
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 156
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Classified Advertising
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 158
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - 159
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Cover3
ASHRAE Journal - December 2010 - Cover4
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