ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 43

8.	 Children	require	slightly	higher	 ventilation	rates	than	adults. 9.	 Carbon	dioxide	concentration	is	an	 unreliable	index	of	adequate	ventilation	 because	its	concentration	is	not	proportional	to	the	odor	intensity	produced. What	then	are	the	accepted	standards	of	 today.	From	the	research	carried	out	in	the	 1920s	and	1930s,	it	is	now	commonly	accepted	that	the	desired	objective	is	to	provide	 for	an	odor-free	environment.	It	has	definitely	 been	shown	that	where	conditions	of	excessive	 temperature	and	body	odor	are	encountered,	 attention	should	be	directed	to	the	latter	since	 it	is	the	more	difficult	parameter	to	control.	In	 other	words,	if	odor	is	reduced	to	an	acceptable	level,	it	will	preclude	the	occurrence	of	excessive	temperature.	The	important	considerations	which	must	be	taken	into	account	when	 attempts	are	made	to	provide	an	odor-free	 environ	 ent	are:	dietary	and	hygienic	habits	 m of	the	occupants,	the	air	space	allowed	per	 person,	the	odor	removal	capacity	of	any	 air-conditioning	processes,	and	the	temperature	and	relative	humidity	of	the	room. The	importance	of	air	space	per	person	 is	illustrated	by	the	fact	that	ASHRAE	 requires	a	mere	7	cfm	when	the	air	space	 is	500	cu	ft	per	person,	but	requires	an	 increase	to	25	cfm	when	the	air	space	 is	100	cu	ft	per	person.12	These	design	 parameters	are	based	on	work	carried	out	 by	Yaglou,	Riley	and	Coggins	in	1936. Smoking	can	increase	the	fresh	air	 quantity	require	 ent	to	as	high	as	50	cfm	 m where	extreme	conditions	are	encountered. We	have	examined	the	changing	concepts	 of	ventilation	requirements	of	the	last	two	 centuries	and	have	shown	that,	while	it	was	 a	subject	of	great	concern,	only	relatively	 recently	has	its	fundamental	importance	been	 understood.	The	concepts	of	ventilation	practice	have	changed	as	re	 earch	provided	more	 s knowledge.	We	may	still	see	changes	in	the	 future,	but	they	will	most	likely	be	confined	to	 improved	engineering	techniques	rather	than	 any	funda	 ental	changes	in	basic	theory. m
1.	T.	Tredgold,	The Principles of Warming and Ventilation—Public Buildings,	M.	Taylor,	London,	1836. 2.	R.S.	Meikleham,	History and Art of Warming and Ventilation,	Bell,	London,	Vol,	H,	p.	316,	1845. 3.	 Ventilation	 -	 Report	 of	 the	 New	 York	 State	 Commission	on	Ventilation,	E.P.	Dutton	&	Co,	 New	York,	1923. February 2011

4.	A.	Saeltzer,	Acoustics and Ventilation,	D.	Van	 Nostrand,	New	York,	1872. 5.	J.S.	Billings,	Ventilation	and	Heating,	The Engineering Record,	New	York,	pp.	120-130,1893. 6.	E.B.	Phelps,	Public	Health	Engineering,	Wiley,	 New	York,	1948. 7.	Report	of	the	Chicago	Commission	on	Ventilation,	Chicago,	1914. 8.	P.	West,	Modern	Trend	in	the	Science	of	Ventilation,	ASH&VE Transactions,	Vol.	30,	p.	377,	1924. 9.	 New	 York	 State	 Commission	 on	 Ventilation,	 School	Ventilation	Principles	and	Practices,	Bureau	of	Publications,	Teachers	College,	Columbia	 University,	New	York,	1931. 10.	W.H.	Lehmberg,	A.D.	Brandt	and	K.	Morse,	 A	 Laboratory	 Study	 of	 Minimum	 Ventilation	 Requirements:	 Ventilation	 Box	 Experiments,	 ASH&VE Transactions,	Vol.	41,	p.	157,	1935.	 11.	 C.P.	 Yaglou,	 E.C.	 Riley	 and	 D.I.	 Coggins,	 Ventilation	Require	 ents,	ASH&VE Transactions,	 m Vol.	42,	p.	133,	1936. 12.		 SHRAE Guide and Data Book,	1965	and	1966. A

Bibliography

Boyle,	R.,	The	Ventilation	of	Public	Buildings,	Robert	Boyle	&	Sons,	London,	1923. Crowder,	T.R.,	On	the	Reinspiration	of	 Expired	Air,	American	Assn,	Chicago,	1913. DIN,	1946,	Blatt	1,	Lueftungstechnische	Anlagen;	DIN,	1946,	Blatt	2,	Lueftung	Von	Versammlungsraumen. Gauge,	H.A.,	New	Systems	of	Ventilation,	D.	Van	Nostrand,	New	York,	1881. Hill,	L.E.,	M.	Flack,	J.	McIntosh,	R.A.	 Rowlands	and	H.B.	Walker,	The	Influence	of	the	Atmosphere	on	Health,	Washington	Smithsonian	Institute,	1913. Keith,	J.,	Evolution	in	Ventilation	Hygienics,	 The	Naval	Archi	 ects	Number	of	the	SYREN	 t and	Shipping	Illustrated,	April	19,	1916. Manual	of	Planning	Standards	for	School	 Buildings,	Second	Edition,	The	University	of	 the	State	of	New	York,	State	Education	Dept,	 Div	of	Facilities	Planning,	Albany,	1967. NASA	SP-300	6,	Bioastronautics	Data	Book,	 National	Aero	 autics	&	Space	Administration,	 n Scientific	&	Technical	Information	Div,	1964. Palmer,	G.T.,	Modern	Tendencies	of	 Ventilation	Practices,	ASH&VE	TRANSACTIONS,	Vol.	29,	p.	19,	1923. Snow,	W.G.,	Ventilation	in	Its	Relation	to	 Health,	Webster,	Camden,	N.J.,	1910. Ventilation	Laws	in	U.S.A.,	Heating	&	 Ventilating	Magazine	Co,	New	York,	1912. Winslow,	C.-E.A.,	New	Art	of	Ventilation,	Medical	Review,	1912.
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References

ASHRAE Journal

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ASHRAE Journal - February 2011

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal - February 2011

ASHRAE Journal - February 2011
Contents
Commentary
Industry News
Letters
Meetings and Shows
Feature Articles
Thermal Coupling of Cooling and Heating Systems
10 Common Problems in Energy Audits
Hall of Fame Feature: History of the Changing Concepts in Ventilation Requirements
A Guide to Wireless Technologies
Building Sciences
Solar NZEB Project
Emerging Technologies
People
Special Section
InfoCenter
Commissioning
Products
Washington Report
Classified Advertising
Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - ASHRAE Journal - February 2011
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Cover2
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 1
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 2
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Contents
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Commentary
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 5
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Industry News
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 7
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Letters
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 9
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 10
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 11
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 12
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 13
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 14
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 15
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Meetings and Shows
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 17
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Thermal Coupling of Cooling and Heating Systems
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 19
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 20
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 21
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 22
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 23
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 24
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 25
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 10 Common Problems in Energy Audits
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 27
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 28
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 29
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 30
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 31
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 32
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 33
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Hall of Fame Feature: History of the Changing Concepts in Ventilation Requirements
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 35
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 36
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 37
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 38
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 39
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 40
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 41
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 42
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 43
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - A Guide to Wireless Technologies
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 45
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 46
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 47
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 48
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 49
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Building Sciences
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ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 60
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ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Solar NZEB Project
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 63
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ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 66
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 67
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ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Emerging Technologies
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 71
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ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 73
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 74
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ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - People
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 77
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - InfoCenter
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 79
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 80
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 81
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 82
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 83
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 84
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 85
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Commissioning
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 87
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 88
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 89
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 90
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Products
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Washington Report
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Classified Advertising
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 94
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - 95
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Cover3
ASHRAE Journal - February 2011 - Cover4
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