ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 38

water source heat pumps to maintain the space temperature requirements. Carbon dioxide levels are also monitored in these spaces and allow the correct volume of ventilation air per Standard 62.1-2004. The natatorium is served by two energy recovery based dehumidification units with integral water source heat pumps. The outdoor dew-point conditions are below 55°F (13°C) for a majority of the year. Outdoor air can be increased through the sensible air-to-air plate energy recovery device to control the space relative humidity rather than a more traditional compressor mechanical dehumidification process. The entire building is heated and cooled by water source heat pumps coupled to a 905 ton (3183 kW) closed loop horizontal geo-exchange field. The building does not have heating boilers or heat rejection equipment. A variable speed pumping system circulates a glycol solution throughout the building’s mechanical spaces allowing heat rejected to it from one space to be extracted and used in another. A bypass valve permits flow through the geo-exchange field only when loop temperatures approach the 32°F (0°C) minimum or the 90°F (32°C) maximum design loop temperatures. By limiting the time when fluid flows through the Development of 65 acres (26 ha) of the 110 acre (45 ha) property helped field and isolating units without a call for heating to preserve the natural woodlands and wetlands surrounding the site. or cooling, total pumping energy is reduced. Also, the energy transfer within the building is maximized when the fully using the building for summer school. Through continloop temperatures are within range. The successful operation of ued monitoring and experience in operating the systems, the the horizontal geo-exchange field at the project location results school is on track to reduce the energy consumption to around in a net balanced ground temperature year 4.5 million kWh this year, resulting in a after year. projected site EUI of 52 kBtu/ft2·yr (590 Energy at a Glance The building lighting is tied to the build593 kJ/(m2·yr). Energy Use Intensity: 63.2 kBtu/yr ing automation system through occupancy The geo-exchange field installed for sensors. The building is darkened during this facility is comprised of nearly 80 2·yr Natural Gas: 11.5 kBtu/ft unoccupied hours assisting in security miles (129 km) of thermally fused HPDE Electricity: 51.7 kBtu/ft2·yr when the occupancy sensors and lights are piping installed in horizontal loops. The activated by an intruder. field is buried beneath the soil in the Values include fully occupied summer The electrical, natural gas and water serathletic field area to the southeast of school. vices are continuously monitored through the school building and is made up of the building automation system and al- 2010 – 2011 values are projected at a series of trenches 2 ft (0.60 m) wide, low the operators to observe changes and 51.9 kBtu/ft2·yr spaced 8 ft (2.4 m) on center and excamake adjustments based on building use. vated to a depth of 6 ft (1.8 m) below 2 Additionally, the design engineer and com- Annual Source Energy: 185 kBtu/ft ·yr grade. Three 1 in. (25.4 mm) diameter missioning agent remained involved with Savings vs. Standard 90.1-1999 pipes are laid, evenly spaced, across the the building operators through the first year Design Building: 44% bottom of the trench, then approximately of occupancy providing additional training 2 ft (0.60 m) of fill material is placed on and keeping the building performing to the top of those pipes; the same three pipes design specifications. The past year the are then looped up and back across the building operated at 5,761,880 kWh and 43,734 therms. This trench. Each of the 1 in. (25.4 mm) pipes are then fused equates to a site EUI of 63 kBtu/ft2·yr (715 461 kJ/(m2·yr). The into a branch supply and return header. The success of the results are slightly higher than predicted in the energy model but horizontal field was a first cost approximately one-third that can be connected to the increased summer use with the district of a traditional vertical bore, providing a relatively quick
38 ASHRAE Journal ashrae.org May 2011



ASHRAE Journal - May 2011

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal - May 2011

ASHRAE Journal - May 2011
Contents
Commentary
Industry News
Letters
Meetings and Shows
Feature Articles
Seismic Restraint
Plug Load Design Factors
Technology Award Case Studies:
State-of-Art School
Green School Lab
Eco-Friendly, Affordable, School
Building Sciences
Special Section
InfoCenter
Solar NZEB Project
Emerging Technologies
IAQ Applications
Washington Report
International Column
Products
People
Classified Advertising
Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Intro
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - ASHRAE Journal - May 2011
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Cover2
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 1
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 2
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Contents
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Commentary
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 5
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Industry News
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 7
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 8
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 9
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 10
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 11
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 12
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 13
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Letters
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 15
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 16
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 16a
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 16b
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 17
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Meetings and Shows
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 19
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Seismic Restraint
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 21
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 22
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 23
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 24
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 25
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 26
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 27
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 28
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 29
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Plug Load Design Factors
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 31
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 32
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 33
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 34
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 35
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - State-of-Art School
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 37
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 38
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 39
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 40
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 41
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 42
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 43
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Green School Lab
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 45
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 46
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 47
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 48
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 49
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 50
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 51
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Eco-Friendly, Affordable, School
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 53
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 54
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 55
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 56
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 57
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Building Sciences
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 59
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 60
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 61
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 62
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 63
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 64
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 65
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 66
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 67
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - InfoCenter
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 69
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 70
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 71
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 72
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 73
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 74
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 75
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 76
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 77
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Solar NZEB Project
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 79
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 80
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 81
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 82
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 83
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 84
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 85
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 86
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 87
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 88
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 89
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Emerging Technologies
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 91
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 92
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 93
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 94
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 95
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - IAQ Applications
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 97
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 98
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 99
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 100
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 101
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Washington Report
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 103
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - International Column
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 105
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 106
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Products
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 108
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - People
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Classified Advertising
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - 111
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Cover3
ASHRAE Journal - May 2011 - Cover4
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