ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 3

CONTENTS 14 38

Vol. 54, No. 10|October 2012

Features

Standing Columns

46

14 26 38 54 46
72

Energy Audits, Improvements in Small Office Buildings
By Ian M. Shapiro, P .E.

66 81 86 92 94 98 100

Building Sciences

Bobby Darin and Thermal Performance

By Joseph W. Lstiburek, Ph.D., P .Eng.

Long-Term Commercial GSHP Performance

Part 4: Installation Costs By Steve Kavanaugh, Ph.D.; Mike Green, P .E.; Kirk Mescher, P .E.

Emerging Technologies
Induction or PM Motors
By Darrell J. King; Alissa Cooperman; John Dieckmann; James Brodrick, Ph.D.

Using CO2 to Reduce Refrigerant Charge
By S. Forbes Pearson, Ph.D.

Data Centers
By Don Beaty, P .E.

Commissioning Design/Build Projects

Data Centers and Comfort Cooling

By Stephen C. Turner, P .E.; Mark Hogil Jung; Seung Hwan Hwang

2012 ASHRAE TECHNOLOGY AWARDS
Efficient Science Building
By Mike J. Lawless

IAQ Applications
Residential AC Filters
By John Proctor, P.E.

Refrigeration Applications
Defrost Cycle
By Andy Pearson, Ph.D., C.Eng.

Special Sections
ASHRAE Research Report

HR1 ASHRAE Honor Roll
102 Products 103 Classified Advertising 104 Advertisers Index

Washington Report
Grassroots Start to Grow
By Mark Ames; Mark Wills

Departments
4 Commentary 6 Industry News 9 Letters 10 Meetings and Shows 96 Special Products 99 People

Engineer’s Notebook
Legionella: Don’t Assume
By Matthew R. Freije

ASHRAE® Journal (ISSN 0001-2491) MISSION STATEMENT | ASHRAE Journal reviews current HVAC&R technology of broad interest through publication of application-oriented articles. ASHRAE Journal’s
editorial content ranges from back-to-basics features to reviews of emerging technologies, covering the entire spectrum of professional interest from design and construction practices to commissioning and the service life of HVAC&R environmental systems. PUBLISHED MONTHLY | Copyright 2012 by ASHRAE, 1791 Tullie Circle N.E., Atlanta, GA 30329. Periodicals postage paid at Atlanta, Georgia, and additional mailing offices. LETTERS/MANUSCRIPTS | Letters to the editor and manuscripts for publication should be sent to: Fred Turner, Editor, ASHRAE Journal, fturner@ashrae.org. SUBSCRIPTIONS | $8 per single copy (includes postage and handling on mail orders). Subscriptions for members $6 per year, included with annual dues, not deductible. Nonmember $79 (includes postage in USA); $79 (includes postage for Canadian); $149 international (includes air mail). Expiration dates vary for both member and nonmember subscriptions. Payment (U.S. funds) required with all orders. CHANGE OF ADDRESS | Requests must be received at subscription office eight weeks before effective date. Send both old and new addresses for the change. ASHRAE members may submit address changes at www.ashrae.org/address. POSTMASTER | Send form 3579 to: ASHRAE Journal, 1791 Tullie Circle N.E., Atlanta, GA 30329. Canadian Agreement Number 40037127. ONLINE at ASHRAE.org | Feature articles are available online. Members can access articles at no cost. Nonmembers may purchase articles at www.ashrae.org/bookstore. | MICROFILM | This publication is microfilmed by National Archive Publishing Company. For information on cost and issues available, contact NAPC at 800-420-NAPC or www.napubco.com. PUBLICATION DISCLAIMER | ASHRAE has compiled this publication with care, but ASHRAE has not investigated and ASHRAE expressly disclaims any duty to investigate any product, service, process, procedure, design or the like which may be described herein. The appearance of any technical data, editorial material or advertisement in this publication does not constitute endorsement, warranty or guarantee by ASHRAE of any product, service, process, procedure, design or the like. ASHRAE does not warrant that the information in this publication is free of errors and ASHRAE does not necessarily agree with any statement or opinion in this publication. The entire risk of the use of any information in this publication and its supplement is assumed by the user.



ASHRAE Journal - October 2012

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal - October 2012

ASHRAE Journal - October 2012
Contents
Commentary
Industry News
Letters
Meetings and Shows
Feature Articles
Energy Audits, Improvements in Small Office Buildings
Long-Term Commercial GSHP Performance: Part 4: Installation Costs
Using CO2 to Reduce Refrigerant Charge
Technology Award Case Studies:
Efficient Science Building
Commissioning Design/Build Projects
Standing Columns
Building Sciences
Emerging Technologies
Data Centers
IAQ Applications
Refrigeration Applications
Special Products
Washington Report
People
Engineer's Notebook
Products
Classified Advertising
Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - ASHRAE Journal - October 2012
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Cover2
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 1
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 2
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Contents
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Commentary
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 5
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Industry News
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 7
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 8
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Letters
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Meetings and Shows
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 11
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 12
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 13
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Energy Audits, Improvements in Small Office Buildings
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 15
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 16
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 17
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 18
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 19
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 20
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 21
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 22
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 23
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 24
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 25
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Long-Term Commercial GSHP Performance: Part 4: Installation Costs
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 27
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 28
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 29
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 30
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 31
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 32
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 33
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 34
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 35
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 36
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 37
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Using CO2 to Reduce Refrigerant Charge
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 39
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 40
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 41
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 42
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 43
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 44
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 45
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Efficient Science Building
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 47
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 48
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 49
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 50
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 51
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 52
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 53
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Commissioning Design/Build Projects
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 55
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 56
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 57
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 58
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 59
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 60
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 61
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 62
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 63
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 64
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 65
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Building Sciences
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 67
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 68
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 69
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 70
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 71
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 72
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 73
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 74
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 75
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 76
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 77
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 78
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 79
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 80
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR1
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR2
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR3
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR4
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR5
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR6
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR7
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR8
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR9
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR10
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR11
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR12
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR13
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR14
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR15
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR16
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR17
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR18
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR19
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR20
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR21
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR22
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR23
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR24
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR25
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR26
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR27
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR28
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR29
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR30
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR31
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - HR32
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Emerging Technologies
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 82
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 83
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 84
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 85
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Data Centers
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 87
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 88
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 89
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 90
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 91
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - IAQ Applications
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 93
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Refrigeration Applications
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 95
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Special Products
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 97
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Washington Report
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - People
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Engineer's Notebook
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - 101
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Products
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Classified Advertising
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Cover3
ASHRAE Journal - October 2012 - Cover4
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