ASHRAE Journal - March 2013 - 82

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

Life-Cycle Primary Energy Consumption
(MJ/20 Million Lumen-Hours)

in the U.S. These efﬁciency standards phase in from
16,000
LED Lamp Manufacturing Energy Use
2012–2014 and require light bulbs to consume about
2011
2015
6
14,000
25% less electricity for the amount of light produced.
The increased energy efﬁciency required by EISA has
25%
12,000
56%
44%
driven the demand for energy efﬁcient lighting such
75%
10,000
as LEDs. Government mandates for increased energy
efﬁciency in lighting, a global phenomenon, are now
8,000
strong drivers for the future rapid growth of LEDs
Transport
6,000
worldwide. The value-based market share of LEDs in
Manufacturing
Use
general lighting applications is projected to grow from
4,000
about 9% currently to about 69% in 2020.7
2,000
Aside from enabling compliance with energy-efﬁciency mandates, the contributions of LED lighting to
0
Incandescent
CFL
LED (2011)
LED (2015)
LEED certiﬁcation also enhance its market potential.
~22 Lamps
~3 Lamps
~1 Lamp
~0.6 Lamps
Both LED lighting and energy saving HVAC systems
are among the contributors to the highest-scoring Figure 2: Life-cycle energy consumption of incandescent, CFL & LED lamps.5
(95 points) LEED-certiﬁed new construction project
under the 2009 version of LEED for New Construction: the which develops and shares model speciﬁcations, installation
1315 Peachtree Street ofﬁce building in Atlanta. The ofﬁce experience, and procurement information among cities, utilibuilding was redesigned and renovated to incorporate radi- ties and other public lighting operators (www.ssl.energy.gov/
ant heating and cooling, produced by a rooftop adsorption consortium.html).
chiller and two small pumps on each ﬂoor, as well as daylight
harvesting, reduced ambient lighting and LED lamps.8
References
1. U.S. Department of Energy. 2012. “Solid-State Lighting Research
Lighting can help score points in several LEED categories:
Optimize Energy Performance; Light Pollution Reduction; and Development: Multi-Year Program Plan,” Table 3.1. http://tinyurl.
Controllability of Systems, Lighting; and IEQ (Daylight and com/anmfnew.
2. Wiggins, M.W., J. Dieckmann, J. Brodrick. 2010. “Emerging
Views).9 Another potential category in which lighting can Technologies: Solid-state lighting, part 1: technology.” ASHRAE
score points is Innovation in Design (ID). Harvard’s Fogg Art Journal 52(1):64–66.
Museum renovation project scored Innovation in Design credits
3. Wiggins, M.W., K. McKenney, J. Dieckmann, J. Brodrick. 2010.
for its LED-based temporary lighting during the construction “Emerging Technologies: Solid-state lighting, part 2: applications.”
phase of the project.10,11 The job site LED lighting is expected ASHRAE Journal 52(2): 78–81.
4. U.S. Department of Energy. 2012. “Energy Savings Potential of
to reduce energy consumption by 75%, saving about $350,000
Solid-State Lighting in General Illumination Applications.” http://
in electricity cost relative to using incandescent stringers and
tinyurl.com/bfoshmu.
400 W metal-halide ﬁxtures. The building is expected to receive
5. U.S. Department of Energy. 2012. “Life-Cycle Energy Consump12
LEED Gold certiﬁcation.
tion: Incandescent, Compact Fluorescent, and LED Lamps.” http://
To facilitate rapid market penetration of solid-state lighting tinyurl.com/a7vfqtt.
products and to help achieve the energy savings that would
6. Energy.gov. July 29, 2012. “New Lighting Standards Begin in
result, the U.S. Department of Energy has implemented a com- 2012.” http://tinyurl.com/bevmfmx.
7. McKinsey & Company. 2012. “Lighting the Way: Perspectives
prehensive national strategy to communicate lighting perforon the Global Lighting Market.” Second Edition: Exhibit 10. http://
mance targets to the industry, as well as to educate consumers,
tinyurl.com/bgrzz2n.
businesses, and government agencies in regard to products and
8. IMT Green & Clean Journal. 2012. “New Ofﬁce Building Earns
applications.
Highest LEED® Certiﬁcation.” http://tinyurl.com/ac889pb.
Department of Energy activities that are directed toward
9. Pratt, D.M. “The Fundamentals of Commercial Lighting and
these ends include: GATEWAY Technology demonstra- LEED.” Green-buildings.com. http://tinyurl.com/a6bypxu.
10. Illumination in Focus. 2012. “Harvard museum earns LEED
tions, to evaluate LED products in a variety of real-world
installations (www.ssl.energy.gov/gatewaydemos.html); credit.” http://tinyurl.com/b4nl9no.
11. Harvard University Ofﬁce for Sustainability, Green Building
Technical Information Network for Solid-State Lighting
Resource. “LEED-NC Project Scorecards.” http://tinyurl.com/ahcpbog.
(TINSSL) to disseminate information about SSL technology
12. The Harvard Crimson. September 19, 2012. “Renovation of Art
and applications (www.ssl.energy.gov/technetwork.html); Museum Moves Forward.” http://tinyurl.com/afk9vak.
CALiPER, a testing program that provides information on
the performance of commercially available SSL products for
Mildred Hastbacka is a director and emerging technologies
general illumination (www.ssl.energy.gov/caliper.html); LED scout for TIAX LLC and John Dieckmann is a director in the
Lighting Facts program, a public database of veriﬁed LED Mechanical Systems Group of TIAX LLC, Lexington, Mass.
product performance information (www.lightingfacts.com); Antonio Bouza is a technical manager with the U.S. Department
the DOE Municipal Solid State Street Lighting Consortium, of Energy, Washington, D.C.
82

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