ASHRAE Journal - April 2013 - 62

emerging technologies
Market Potential
Market drivers for adoption of daylighting include both energy and non-energy related factors. In ASHRAE/IES Standard
90.1-2010, the lighting category accounts for the largest energy
savings, resulting from both new daylighting standards and
reductions in allowable lighting power.12 Automatic daylighting
controls are mandated for daylit areas greater than 250 ft2 and for
toplighting when skylights are required. There are also changes
to the building envelope category that can assist daylighting
objectives. Areas of south-facing fenestration must be greater
than or equal to the east- and/or west-facing areas. Also, installation of skylights is now required in buildings of four stories or
less for large enclosed spaces such as atria, lobbies, warehouses,
and workspaces. Skylight areas up to 5% of the gross roof area
are allowed.12
Daylighting can also help achieve LEED credits in four of six
credit categories. LEED credits specific to lighting are “Controllability of Systems: Lighting” and “Daylight and Views—Daylight,” each worth 1 point towards certification.13 Non-energy
related factors driving adoption of daylighting technologies
include improved indoor air quality and related occupant benefits,
such as increased worker productivity and comfort. Design guides
are available that focus on cost-effective, easy to implement daylighting options, as well as present best practices in construction
and commissioning of daylighting systems.14

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ASHRAE Journal

Cost of lighting controls technologies, both first cost and installation cost, can be a barrier to adoption of daylighting systems
integrated with building controls. The scale and scope of the
New York Times building renovation project cited previously was
one factor that enabled a reduction in the premium for dimmable
ballasts from $110 per unit to $30, as well as additional “value
engineering” of the entire daylighting system.15 Key elements
of this value engineering included consolidation of power panels
with dimming panels; low voltage power panels consolidated
with dimming panels; elimination of sensor networks by digital
communication loops; and an internal raceway system for light
fixtures.15 Continued success in managing costs of daylighting
systems should contribute to an increase in market penetration.

References
1. DOE. 2012. “Building Energy Databook.” Table 3.1.4. U.S.
Department of Energy. http://tinyurl.com/3dyzb5v.
2. DOE. 2012. “Building Energy Databook.” Table 1.1.4. http://
tinyurl.com/8pe8zbt.
3. Lighting Research Center. 2011. “Daylighting Resources—Design Guides” http://tinyurl.com/cp7xo8f.
4. Daylighting Collaborative. 2012. “Design Information.” http://
tinyurl.com/bo8pave.
5. LBNL. 2012. “New ARPA-E Projects Will Advance Efficient
Buildings, Windows, Electric Grid.” Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory Environmental Energy Technologies Division. http://
tinyurl.com/awh2127.
6. Protzman, B. 2012. “Time to Harvest.” Buildings.com. http://
tinyurl.com/cqyycgn.
7. New Buildings Institute. 2012. “Daylighting—a Key Component
of Energy Savings.” http://tinyurl.com/alcry8s.
8. Chen, A. 2004. “The New York Times Building: Designing for
Energy Efficiency Through Daylighting Research.” Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory, Science Beat. http://tinyurl.com/3c2sn6l.
9. Lee, E.S., et al. 2013. “A Post-Occupancy Monitored Evaluation
of the Dimmable Lighting, Automated Shading, and Underfloor Air
Distribution System in The New York Times Building.” LBNL and
University of California Berkeley. http://tinyurl.com/ab62n7w.
10. Energy Manager Today. 2013. “Berkeley Lab Confirms Big
Energy Savings at The Times Building.” http://tinyurl.com/balkx2r.
11. Energy Center of Wisconsin. 2005. “Energy Savings from Daylighting, A Controlled Experiment.” http://tinyurl.com/a4p4sy3.
12. DOE. 2011. “Comparison of Standard 90.1 and the 2012 IECC
with Respect to Commercial Buildings.” U.S. Department of Energy,
Building Technologies Program. http://tinyurl.com/b3ffguh.
13. Daylighting Collaborative. 2012. LEED Guide v.3.0. http://tinyurl.
com/amfm3ns.
14. New Buildings Institute. 2013. Daylighting Pattern Guide. http://
tinyurl.com/c6eycyd.
15. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, New York Times. 2007.
“Moving from Niche to Mainstream Markets: Addressing the High
Cost of Daylighting Systems.” http://tinyurl.com/a2h392g.

Mildred Hastbacka is a director and emerging technologies
scout for TIAX LLC; John Dieckmann is a director in the Mechanical Systems Group and Alissa Cooperman is a technologist
in the Mechanical Systems Group of TIAX LLC, Lexington, Mass.
Tracy Beeson is a lighting engineer for Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Wash. Antonio Bouza is a technical
manager with the U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C.
April 2013

ASHRAE Journal - April 2013

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