ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 76

REFRIGERATION APPLICATIONS
To avoid this nomenclature clash, a secondary circuit to the evaporator. If you think all systems are like that, then
without any vent is called an “indirect closed system,” and is you need to get out a bit more!
treated in the same way as a direct system. Likewise, a water
The alternative is that the refrigerant goes from the
circuit that had automatic air purgers installed
expansion valve to a receiver and the liquid
in the pipes within the area that was occupied
from there is circulated to the evaporators
also would have to be treated as a direct system.
by pumps or gravity. This means that the gas
If the refrigerant leaked into the water circreated during the expansion process does not
cuit, it would be released into the same place
go through the evaporator but passes straight
as the occupants. To avoid this problem, some
to the compressor suction. Such systems are
method of venting the water circuit is required.
usually called “ﬂooded” because the outlet
This could be an automatic air purger outside
from the evaporator is a mix of gas and liquid
the occupied area, or a header tank or relief
in contrast to the typical DX system where
valve, provided any refrigerant venting from
the outlet is superheated. However, the terms
the system could not reach the occupants of the
“DX” and “ﬂooded” are not opposites; it is not
place being cooled.
uncommon to have a direct expansion system
Such systems are called “indirect open,” Stanley thought it was a that uses ﬂooded evaporators. For this reason,
“indirect vented” or “indirect closed vented,” direct expansion indirect the opposite of a ﬂooded system is sometimes
depending on how the refrigerant would be system, but he wasn’t sure. called a “dry expansion” system, also abbrevireleased if it leaked into the water.
ated to “DX.” So next time you hear a system
We also talk about “direct expansion” systems (but funnily described as “direct,” pause for thought.
enough nobody ever refers to an “indirect expansion” system). Often shortened to “DX,” this actually means a system
Andy Pearson, Ph.D., C.Eng., is group engineering director
where the refrigerant goes directly from the expansion valve at Star Refrigeration in Glasgow, U.K.

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76

ASHRAE Journal

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May 2013

ASHRAE Journal - May 2013

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal - May 2013

ASHRAE Journal - May 2013
Contents
Commentary
Industry News
Letters
Meetings and Shows
Feature Articles
VAV Reheat Versus Active Chilled Beams & DOAS
A Stable Whole Building Performance Method for Standard 90.1
Technology Award Case Studies:
PSU Design Build Project
Passive Cooling for School
Standing Columns
Building Sciences
InfoCenter
Refrigeration Applications
IAQ Applications
Engineer's Notebook
Products
Data Centers
Emerging Technologies
Classified Advertising
Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - ASHRAE Journal - May 2013
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Cover2
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 1
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 2
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Contents
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Commentary
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 5
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Industry News
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 7
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 8
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 9
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 10
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 11
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 12
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 13
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Letters
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 15
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Meetings and Shows
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 17
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - VAV Reheat Versus Active Chilled Beams & DOAS
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 19
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 20
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 21
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 22
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 23
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 24
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 25
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 26
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 27
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 28
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 29
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 30
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 31
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 32
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - A Stable Whole Building Performance Method for Standard 90.1
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 34
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 35
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 36
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 37
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 38
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 39
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 40
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 41
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 42
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 43
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 44
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 45
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - PSU Design Build Project
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 47
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 48
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 49
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 50
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 51
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 52
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 53
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Passive Cooling for School
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 55
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 56
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 57
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 58
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 59
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 60
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 61
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Building Sciences
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 63
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 64
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 65
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 66
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 67
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 68
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 69
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - InfoCenter
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 71
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 72
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 73
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 74
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Refrigeration Applications
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 76
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 77
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - IAQ Applications
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 79
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 80
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 81
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 82
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 83
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Engineer's Notebook
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 85
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Products
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 87
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Data Centers
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 89
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 90
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 91
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Emerging Technologies
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 93
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - 94
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Classified Advertising
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Cover3
ASHRAE Journal - May 2013 - Cover4
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