ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 30

Technical FeaTure

Figure 11 Temperature gradient in a counterflow film filled cooling tower, showing

Figure 12 Water pull-back with fans operating on a counterflow.

lower temperature at the perimeter and higher temperature at the center.
60°F Entering Water Temperature

Warm Water In - Warm Air Out

58°F
45°F

Falling Water

Cold Air In

Fill

35°F

Cold Air In

Net 40°F Water In Cold Water Basin

prevent excessive icing that can result in cooling tower
damage.
Icing Control - Crossflow. Figure 8 shows lines of constant temperature in crossflow cooling tower fill. This
typifies what must occur in Cell 3 (Figure 5, Page 28)
to produce 40°F cold water with 60°F water entering.
Water flows downward between fill sheets by gravity. The

www.info.hotims.com/49802-4
30

ASHRAE JouRnAl

ashrae.org

March 2014

Cold Air In

Falling Water

Cold Air In

temperature at the bottom of the air inlet face is about
32°F (0°C), at freezing, even though the average is 40°F
(4°C) leaving the cell.
Water flow slants in the direction of airflow, as shown
in Figure 8, sloping along with the fill. Crossflow film fills
are designed to slope at an angle compatible with the
pull-back of water toward the air discharge face. Water is

CourTesy of sPX Cooling TeChnologies

34°F

CourTesy of sPX Cooling TeChnologies

50°F
40°F



ASHRAE Journal - March 2014

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal - March 2014

ASHRAE Journal - March 2014
Contents
Commentary
Industry News
Letters
Meetings and Shows
Feature Articles
2014 ASHRAE Technology Awards
Cold Weather Operation of Cooling Towers
Improving Operating Efficiency of Packaged Air Conditioners & Heat Pumps
Aligning IECC and Standard 90.1
Small Building, Vast Potential
Standing Columns
Building Sciences
Engineer's Notebook
Refrigeration Applications
Data Centers
HVAC Applications
Energy Modeling
People
Special Products
Classified Advertising
Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Intro
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - ASHRAE Journal - March 2014
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Cover2
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 1
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 2
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Contents
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Commentary
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 5
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Industry News
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 7
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 8
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 9
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 10
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 11
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 12
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 13
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 14
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 15
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Letters
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 17
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Meetings and Shows
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 19
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 2014 ASHRAE Technology Awards
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 21
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 22
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 23
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 24
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 25
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Cold Weather Operation of Cooling Towers
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 27
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 28
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 29
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 30
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 31
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 32
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 33
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 34
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 35
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Improving Operating Efficiency of Packaged Air Conditioners & Heat Pumps
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 37
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 38
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 39
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 40
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 41
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 42
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 43
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Building Sciences
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 45
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 46
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 47
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 48
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 49
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Engineer's Notebook
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 51
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 52
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 53
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 54
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 55
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Aligning IECC and Standard 90.1
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 57
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 58
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 59
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 60
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 61
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Refrigeration Applications
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 63
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Small Building, Vast Potential
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 65
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 66
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 67
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 68
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 69
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 70
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 71
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 72
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 73
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Data Centers
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 75
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 76
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 77
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 78
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 79
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 80
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 81
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - HVAC Applications
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 83
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 84
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 85
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 86
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 87
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 88
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 89
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 90
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 91
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 92
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 93
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 94
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 95
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Energy Modeling
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - People
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Special Products
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 99
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 100
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 101
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Classified Advertising
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - 103
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Cover3
ASHRAE Journal - March 2014 - Cover4
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