ASHRAE Journal - August 2014 - 67

2014 ASHRAE TEcHnology AwARd cASE STudiES

anywhere in the home from a traditional air-handling system.
Using radiant cooling systems, a
space temperature setpoint of 75°F
(23.9°C) borders on too cold in the
summertime and would be comparable to an air-cooled system thermostat setting 3°F to 5°F (1.7°C to 2.8°C)
cooler. The large thermal mass of the
floor provides outstanding temperature control and stability with rapid
recovery. Recorded temperatures
indicate that room temperatures very
seldom exceed 1.5°F (1°C) negative
deviation from the desired setting
in both the summer and winter.
Positive deviations in the winter can
be as high as 5°F (2.8°C) warmer due
to uncontrolled passive heating and
1.5°F (1°C) cooler in the summer during nighttime no-load conditions.

Energy Efficiency
Eighteen grid-connected
photovoltaic solar panels on the roof
generate 4.1 kW of onsite electricity.
The system size was based on maximizing payback from current utility
rates. These panels provide enough
energy to supply the heating, cooling, and domestic hot water heating
needs of the home or more than 60%
of the total energy consumed. Due to
the extremely low energy consumption of the equipment required to
cool the home, more than 67% of the
energy produced in the summertime
is exported to the utility grid during the peak daytime hours. Most of
the energy in the home is consumed
by evening lighting and morning
water heating for bathing, laundry
and cooking. This design reduces the
utility peak demand and increases
the load during non-peak time, a
win-win situation for both the utility
company and the homeowner.

As can be seen in Table 1, this
home has demonstrated a 65% to
70% reduction in annual energy
use from an average home in the
region, ignoring the effects of site
generation. Actual domestic hot
water heating energy requirements were reduced to 18% of the
owner's previous home's load,
which used a gas water heater.
The typical grid production of
electricity on average generates
more than four times more carbon dioxide per unit of usable
discharge energy than the simple
burning of natural gas for heating;
therefore, this home's carbon footprint is only 40% smaller than the
typical regional home if site generated energy is not included as
shown in Table 2. When the effects
of the PV array are included, the
home shows a 76% reduction on
the carbon footprint from an average house in the region.

via fresh air supply is a cuttingedge design that borders on experimental in nature but has huge
potential in the residential and
low occupant density construction
market.
Developing and demonstrating an
energy storage and delivery system
that allows very low temperature differentials while using cooler heating
media and warmer cooling media
has far-reaching potential in improving energy efficiency. Thermal mass
storage at the point of energy use
combined with hydronic radiant distribution is an innovative combination of technologies that is rarely seen
in residential applications, but seems
to be a perfect fit. This combination
provides outstanding environmental temperature stability, nearly

Conclusion
This project created a costeffective cooling system that can
cool a residence through 105°F
(40.5°C) heat and 80°F (26.7°C)
wet-bulb humidity days without
use of a refrigerant compression cycle. Ironically, recovering
this heat into the domestic hot
water system via a refrigerant
cycle heat pump is actually more
energy efficient overall than
simply rejecting the heat into the
atmosphere/soil. Separating the
dehumidification and cooling
aspects of the typical air-conditioning process allows an energy
effective means of temperature
control through the use of radiant cooling. Direct geothermal
tempering and humidity control
Au g ust 2014

The Standards for
Ventilation and
Indoor Air Quality
ANSI/ASHRAE standards
62.1 and 62.2 are the
recognized standards for
ventilation system design and
acceptable IAQ in commercial
and residential buildings.

ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2013
(Supersedes ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2010)
Includes ANSI/ASHRAE addenda listed in Appendix J

Ventilation
for Acceptable
Indoor Air Quality

See Appendix J for approval dates by the ASHRAE Standards Committee, the ASHRAE Board of Directors, and the American
National Standards Institute.
This standard is under continuous maintenance by a Standing Standard Project Committee (SSPC) for which the Standards Committee has established a documented program for regular publication of addenda or revisions, including procedures for timely,
documented, consensus action on requests for change to any part of the standard. The change submittal form, instructions, and
deadlines may be obtained in electronic form from the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org) or in paper form from the Manager of
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2013
Standards. The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased from the ASHRAE Web site (www.ashrae.org) or from
ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: orders@ashrae.org. Fax: 404-321-5478. (Supersedes ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010)
Telephone: 404-636-8400 (worldwide), or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and Canada). For reprint permission, go to
Includes ANSI/ASHRAE addenda listed in Appendix C
www.ashrae.org/permissions.
© 2013 ASHRAE

Ventilation and
Acceptable
Indoor Air Quality
in Low-Rise
Residential Buildings

ISSN 1041-2336

See Appendix C for approval dates by the ASHRAE Standards Committee, the ASHRAE Board of Directors, and the American
National Standards Institute.
This standard is under continuous maintenance by a Standing Standard Project Committee (SSPC) for which the Standards Committee has established a documented program for regular publication of addenda or revisions, including procedures for timely,
documented, consensus action on requests for change to any part of the standard. The change submittal form, instructions, and
deadlines may be obtained in electronic form from the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org) or in paper form from the Manager of
Standards. The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased from the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org) or from
ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: orders@ashrae.org. Fax: 404-321-5478.
Telephone: 404-636-8400 (worldwide), or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and Canada). For reprint permission, go to
www.ashrae.org/permissions.
© 2013 ASHRAE

ISSN 1041-2336

www.ashrae.org/standard62
www.info.hotims.com/49807-95
ashrae.org

ASHRAE JouRnAl

ASHRAE Journal - August 2014

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal - August 2014