ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - 28
TECHNICAL FEATURE
goal will require renewables and creative thinking at the
system level. SSPC 90.1 recognizes that simple prescriptive and efficiency changes will not deliver the same level
of energy reductions seen in the past decade and can use
the end-use analysis to focus the next round of efforts on
improving the standard.
Energy Cost for U.S. Commercial Buildings
Today, there are about 82.9 billion ft2 (7.7 billion m2)
of commercial floor area in the United States.5 The DOE
Energy Information Administration (EIA) Commercial
Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) indicates
that actual commercial building energy expenditures
are around $170 billion.6 To provide a touchstone for the
current analysis, if the entire commercial building sector
were upgraded to comply with Standard 90.1-2013, then
the annual energy cost would be $111 billion, a one-third
reduction from actual energy costs.
To put energy expenditures in context, note that the
$170 billion annual energy cost projection from CBECS
is about 30% of the $568 billion of capital invested in
commercial construction annually.7 So, commercial
energy cost is a substantial part of the commercial building sector expenditures. While the longevity of any particular code provision's impact varies, if we make the
reasonable projection that a particular code or efficiency
standard will have an overall time impact of about five
years, that impact will reach about 10% of the total commercial floor area being created, renovated, or replaced,
based on construction data from 2003 to 2007.8 So, these
newer 10% of buildings have a projected annual energy
cost of about $10.9 billion per year that is broken down
by end use and building type in Table 1. The following end
uses are considered:
Light.Int includes interior building lighting;
Light.Ext includes exterior building lighting and parking lot lighting;
Service Hot Water (SHW) includes water heated for
domestic use;
Heat includes space heating and humidification;
Cool includes energy for sensible and latent cooling and
heat rejection;
www.info.hotims.com/54424-108
28
ASHRAE JOURNAL
ashrae.org
JAN UARY 2015
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal - January 2015
Contents
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - BB1
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - BB2
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - Cover1
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - Cover2
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - 1
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - 2
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - Contents
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - 4
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - 5
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - 6
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - 7
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - 8
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - 9
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ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - 12
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ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - 14
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - 15
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ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - 18
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - 19
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ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - 28
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ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - 80
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - Cover3
ASHRAE Journal - January 2015 - Cover4
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