ASHRAE Journal - March 2015 - 34
TECHNICAL FEATURE | Fundamentals at Work
Part Two
Radiant Heating and
Cooling Systems
BY KWANG WOO KIM, ARCH.D., MEMBER ASHRAE; BJARNE W. OLESEN, PH.D., FELLOW ASHRAE
Control of the heating and cooling system needs to be able to maintain the indoor
temperatures within the comfort range under the varying internal loads and external climates. To maintain a stable thermal environment, the control system needs
to maintain the balance between the heat gain/loss of the building and the supplied
energy from the system. Several studies in the literature deal with control.1-4
The control of radiant heating and cooling system can
be classified as central control, zone control and individual room control. Figure 1 is a diagram on the principles
of control.
The central control controls the supply water temperature for the radiant system based on the outside temperature. The room control then controls the water flow
rate or water temperature for each room according to
the room setpoint temperature.
Instead of controlling the supply water temperature, it is recommended to control the average water
temperature (mean value of supply and return water
temperature) according to outside and/or indoor temperatures. During the heating period, as the internal
load increases, the heat output from the radiant system
will decrease and the return temperature will rise. If the
control system controls the average water temperature,
the supply water temperature will automatically
decrease due to the increased return water temperature.
This will result in a faster and more accurate control
of the thermal output to the space and will give better
energy performance than controlling the supply water
temperature.
Radiant surface cooling systems need controls to avoid
condensation. This can be done by a central control of
the supply water temperature limiting the minimum
water temperature based on the zone with the highest
dew-point temperature. If the supply water temperature is limited, the temperature of the rest of system
will be higher than the dew point, and there is no risk
of condensation on the pipes, and on the surface of the
radiant system. Limiting the supply water temperature
will lower the cooling power of a radiant system at high
indoor humidity levels. Dehumidifying the ventilation
Kwang Woo Kim, Arch.D., is a professor of architecture at Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea, and president of Architectural Institute of Korea. Bjarne W. Olesen, Ph.D., is
director, professor, International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy, Technical University of Denmark in Lyngby, Denmark, and vice president of ASHRAE.
34
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ASHRAE Journal - March 2015
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal - March 2015
Contents
ASHRAE Journal - March 2015 - Intro
ASHRAE Journal - March 2015 - Cover1
ASHRAE Journal - March 2015 - Cover2
ASHRAE Journal - March 2015 - 1
ASHRAE Journal - March 2015 - 2
ASHRAE Journal - March 2015 - Contents
ASHRAE Journal - March 2015 - 4
ASHRAE Journal - March 2015 - 5
ASHRAE Journal - March 2015 - 6
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ASHRAE Journal - March 2015 - Cover3
ASHRAE Journal - March 2015 - Cover4
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