Pollution Engineering - March 2009 - (Page 27)

Getting Rid of FOREIGN OIL is typically applied in permeable reactive barriers with funnel and gate systems to control the flow of the groundwater. This technology degrades chlorinated organics through an oxidation/reduction reaction where the ZVI is oxidized to ferrous or ferric iron, as the chlorinated compound is reduced, which removes the chlorine atoms from the COCs. Carbon slurry bioremediation/abiotic reductive dechlorination: This technology utilizes activated carbon that is impregnated with elemental iron in an injectable slurry that first adsorbs contaminants insitu, and then promotes abiotic reductive dechlorination for chlorinated organics. It is unique in that it immediately reduces observed COC concentrations, as the activated carbon immobilizes the contamination, while typical abiotic dechlorination is allowed to proceed within the activated carbon complex. During this process, groundwater quality is protected through the cleanup cycle by the activated carbon’s adsorptive capabilities. Biological injectates Reductive dechlorination: Biotic reductive dechlorination takes place when a chlorine atom is biologically removed from an organic compound. This process is utilized to degrade chlorinated organics. Biotic reductive dechlorination/ dehalogenation may be accomplished by introducing a substrate (electron donor mixture), such as lactate, molasses, acetate or other non-toxic hydrocarbon. Biotic reductive dechlorination is most often mediated with hydrogen acting as the electron donor. There are many carbonbased substrates that can be naturally degraded and fermented in the subsurface that result in the generation of hydrogen. The substrates most commonly added to facilitate biotic reductive dechlorination include soluble substrates (molasses, lactate, acetate), high-viscosity fluid substrates (vegetable oils), low-viscosity fluid substrates (vegetable oil emulsions), and proprietary injection products. Biostimulation: Biostimulation does not involve adding organisms, but rather simply implies adding nutrients or electron acceptors to the aquifer to facilitate bioremediation. Most bioremediation technologies can be classified as biostimulation. Additives are usually introduced to the subsurface through injection or by gravity feed into an existing well network. Electron acceptors are often the typical rate-limiting reactant in the bioremedia- Neptune’s PZiG electronic meter ing pump is de signed for automatic, precision injection of all water and wastewater chem icals in high volumes. Capable of pumping to 20 gph @ 30 psi an d easily handling 1,0004,000 CPS, the PZiG pump operates on any 50/60H z singlephase voltage fro m 94 VAC to 26 4 VAC. www.neptune1 .com Neptune Chemic al Pump Co. MARCH2009 www.pollutionengineering.com PLE01094Lang.indd 1 27 12/10/08 2:51:39 PM http://www.pollutionengineering.com

Table of Contents Feed for the Digital Edition of Pollution Engineering - March 2009

Pollution Engineering - March 2009 Contents The Editor’s Desk EnviroNews PE Events Legal Lookout Green Connections Get Ready to Count Carbon Getting Rid of Foreign Oil Green Goes Underground Thermal Oxidizers Ocean-Front Remediation Pumps, Pipes and Valve Products Air Monitoring Equipment PE Products Classified Marketplace Advertisers Index State Rules

Pollution Engineering - March 2009

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