Clean Run Magazine - March 2007 - 68

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palpation, significant pain and spasm of the myotendinous unit may be
noted. Pain and spasm will also be noted when stretching the myotendinous
unit by either placing the hip in extension with abduction, or by
simultaneous extension of the hip with internal rotation of that pelvic
hind limb. X-rays are of little value in the early phase, but may reveal
mineralization just cranial to the lesser trochanter in chronic cases. The
use of advanced This dog is in a stretch extension of imaging modalities to
demonstrate lesions of the hip with abduction and internal rotation . If
pain is evident when the affected muscle and/or tendon can increase
stretching, the dog may have a strain. confidence in the diagnosis.
Ultrasonography is a relatively inexpensive noninvasive imaging modality
for canine musculoskeletal evaluation with the additional advantage that
general anesthesia is not required. This imaging modality is particularly
dependent on the expertise of the operator, which may limit its practical
application in some settings. Advanced diagnostics such as CT computerized
tomography scan and MRI magnetic resonance imaging may be used to identify
iliopsoas strains and are both widely used in diagnosing acute,
stretch-induced muscle injury in human patients. Although CT is valuable
for imaging soft tissue lesions, the use of MRI has greatly increased the
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Cups A c u t e iliopsoas strains should be treated conservatively.
Skeletal muscle relaxants may be administered in severe cases to reduce
pain and muscle spasms. Medical management may also include NSAIDs,
cryotherapy ice therapy and controlled activity. Rehabilitation can be
very effective in treating iliopsoas strains. Treatments may include laser
therapy to increase circulation, The therapist treating the iliopsoas
strain remove waste products, and promote healing. with laser therapy.
Pain-free PROM passive range of motion and high-repetition exercise also
are recommended. Acute strain injuries should not be stretched as
microtears may occur. PROM, interferential e-stimulation, stabilization
exercises, and gradual increases in weight bearing of the involved limb
are recommended. Active ROM and strengthening exercises are added next.
Strengthening exercises might include stepping over cavaletti poles, para
standing lifting both front and hind limbs on one side of the dog’s body
while he balances on the remaining limbs , paws on the counter, and use of
the wobble board. Acupuncture may be helpful to assist with pain control
and to promote healing. In chronic iliopsoas strains, it is important to
re-initiate the inflammatory process to assist in the remodeling of the
tendon fibers. NSAIDs should be avoided with chronic iliopsoas strains as
they impair the inflammatory response. Rehabilitation therapy is
recommended with chronic iliopsoas strains. Modalities might include heat,
ultrasound, and laser, followed by massage therapy. Be sure to check
movement in the sacroiliac joint SI joint and lumbar region lower spine .
Chronic iliopsoas strains may come from a problem with mechanics,
therefore, working on correcting the mechanics of movement, will help to
take the strain off the iliopsoas and contribute to its healing. If you
miss correcting movement mechanics, it may not get better. The exercise
progression is similar to that for acute iliopsoas strains, but initiating
stretching hip extensors with abduction after modalities and massage is
advised as are longer walks. In chronic muscle strain injuries it usually
takes longer to recover and progress through the stages of healing and
exercise because of the chronic nature of the changes in the myotendinous
unit. Education of owners/trainers is extremely important since they
should be instructed to move the dog ahead slowly. When returning to
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Clean Run Magazine - March 2007

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