Worldwide Solutions - February 2008 - (Page 21) GERSTEL Solutions Worldwide Application Halogenated and aromatic compounds 1,1-Dichloroethylene Bromobenzene Methylene chloride 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene trans-1,2-Dichloroethane 2-Chlorotoluene 1,1-Dichloroethane 4-Chlorotoluene 2,2-Dichloropropane tert-Butylbenzene cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene Chloroform sec-Butylbenzene Bromochloromethane 4-Isopropyltoluene 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 1,3-Dichlorobenzene 1,1-Dichloropropene 1,4-Dichlorobenzene Carbon tetrachloride n-Butylbenzene 1,2-Dichloroethane 1,2-Dichlorobenzene Benzene 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane Trichloroethane 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 1,2-Dichloropropane Hexachlorobutadiene Bromodichloromethane Naphthalene Dibromomethane 1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene cis-1,3-Dichloropropene Toluene trans-1,3-Dichloropropene 1,1,2-Trichloroethane 1,3-Dichloropropane Tetrachloroethane Dibromochloromethane 1,2-Dibromoethane Chlorobenzene 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane Ethylbenzene m-Xylene p-Xylene o-Xylene Styrene Isopropylbenzene Bromoform 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 1,2,3-Trichloropropane] n-Propylbenzene Isoparaffinic compounds Isopentane 2,3-Dimethylbutane 2-Methylpentane 3-Methylpentane 2,2-Dimethylpentane 2,4-Dimethylpentane 2,2,3-Trimethylbutane 3,3-Dimethylpentane 2-Methylhexane 2,3-Dimethylpentane 3-Methylhexane 3-Ethylpentane 2,2-Dimethylhexane 2,5-Dimethylhexane 2,2,3-Trimethylpentane 2,4-Dimethylhexane 2,3-Dimethylhexane 2-Methylheptane 4-Methylheptane 3-Methylheptane 3-Ethylhexane 2,5-Dimethylheptane 3,5-Dimethylheptane(D) 3,3-Dimethylheptane 3,5-Dimethylheptane(L) 2,3-Dimethylheptane 3,4-Dimethylheptane(D) 3,4-Dimethylheptane(L) 2-Methyloctane 3-Methyloctane 3,3-Diethylpentane 2,2-Dimethyloctane 3,3-Dimethyloctane 2,3-Dimethyloctane 2-Methylnonane 3-Ethyloctane 3-Methylnonane Olefinic compounds 3-Methyl-1-Butene 1-Pentene 2-Methyl-1-Butene 2-Methyl-1,3-Butadiene trans-2-Pentene cis-2-Pentene 4-Methyl-1-Pentene 1-Hexene trans-2-Hexene 2-Methyl-2-Pentene cis-2-Hexene 1-Heptene trans-3-Heptene cis-3-Heptene trans-2-Heptene cis-2-Heptene 1-Octene trans-2-Octene cis-2-Octene 1-Nonene trans-3-Nonene cis-3-Nonene trans-2-Nonene cis-2-Nonene 1-Decene Naphthtenic compounds cyclopentene Methylcyclopentane Cyclohexane 1,1-Dimethylcyclopentane cis-1,3-Dimethylcyclopentane trans-1,3-Dimethylcyclopentane trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane Methylcyclohexane Ethylcyclopentane ctc-1,2,4-Trimethylcyclopentane ctc-1,2,3-Trimethylcyclopentane cct-1,2,4-Trimethylcyclopentane trans-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane 1-Ethyl-1-Methylcyclopentane trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclphexane ccc-1,2,3-Trimethylcyclopentane Isopropylcyclopentane cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane n-propylcyclopentane ccc-1,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexane 1,1,4-Trimethylcyclohexane ctt-1,2,4-Trimethylcyclohexane ctc-1,2,4-Trimethylcyclohexane 1,1,2-Trimethylcyclohexane Isobutylcyclopentane Isopropylcyclohexane n-Butylcyclopentane Isobutylcyclohexane t-1-Methyl-2-Propylcyclohexane t-1-Methyl-2(4MP)Propylcyclopentane Table: List of determined Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) I f your first and foremost sensation on New Year’s Day is a throbbing headache, accompanied by a desire to spend the rest of the year in bed, it need not be due to excessive alcohol consumption. It could be related to the noise levels experienced on New Year’s Eve. Equally the culprits could be the increasing levels of Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) accompanied by particulate matter that you have been inhaling the night before as more and more fireworks were sent off into the skies. Even as eyes are burning and we start wheezing and coughing, tradition is adhered to and we duly continue to send off the old year and welcome in the new with loud and beautiful displays of joy. Handling fireworks poses a challenge in terms of keeping fingers, hands, face and eyes out of harm’s way. Other, less visible, harm can be done when fireworks do what they do best – burn at high temperatures. The “smoke” we see is largely made up of aerosols and of particulate matter (PM) and an accompanying cocktail of toxic chemicals. The particulate matter that is of most interest, in terms of health effects, is PM10. These are particles that are less than 10 µm in diameter (< 0.01 mm O.D.) and thus not visible to the naked eye. The German Federal Environmental Agency (UBA) website provides the fol- lowing information: “Fine particulate matter has a proven negative impact on health. With decreasing particle size, the risk to our health increases”. Ongoing and recent monitoring in Germany has shown that levels of toxic particulate matter on New Year’s Eve are higher than on any other day of the year: In the first hours of 2007, inner city PM10 levels of up to 4,000 µg/m3 were measured (4,000 µg/m3 = 4,000 micrograms PM10 per cubic meter air). For comparison, the mean PM10 concentration measured at inner city monitoring stations in Germany throughout 2006 was only around 30 µg per cubic meter air. GERSTEL Solutions Worldwide – February 2008 21
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