Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 26
I.
Selecting up to ten individual counters within the
RLL program can be accomplished with the addition of a
binary-coded decimal switch. Such switches are available
for a few doUars from sources like Mouser, :'Jewark and
others, in rotary or thumbwheel configurations. Abinarycoded decimal s\vitch operates by connecting four poles
to a common in ten discrete combinations. Note the BCD
truth table in Figure 9 and its equivalent in RlL. By building a similar truth table at the beginning of an RlL program, with an internal relay (CO, CI, etc.) at the end of
each rung, control may be passed to specific rungs \vithin
the ladder. CI in Figure is an example of this programming method; the counter will increment only as long as
a pulse appears at Input 8 and CI is ON. And, according
to the truth table at the beginning of the program, CI will
be ON only as long as the number I is manually selected
on the BCD switch.
In actllal practice, determining a position for the
pallet requires a little math and some minor adjustments
for the motor's deceleration after receiving the signal to
stop. First the circumference of the winch drum is divided by the number of counlS per revolution. This provides the distance the pallet will travel per counl. In the
case above, the drum circumference was 31 inches divided by 250 encoder counts or approximately lI8 inch
travel per counl. The pallet's first move was on stage ten
feet, or roughly 960 counts (120 inches divided by .125
inches). This number was progranuned as the preset for
the first counter in the PLC using a laptop computer connected to the PLC's communications port via the serial
cable pro\~ded with the PLC. The motor was started and
upon reaching a count of 960, decelerated to a stop. The
amount of overshoot during deceleration was measured
(four inches in this case), translated into counts (32)
and subtracted from the counter's preset number. Typically, the correct number for each move could be detel'
mined in two or three attempts. However, the pallet must
cany the actual expected load for each move, since different loads will affect tlle deceleration distance. This
process was repeated for each on-stage move. (Since the
" "
off-stage position was always the same, a limit switch was
employed for that position.)
The examples above are just a few of the ways micro
PLCs may be used to automate stage machinery. In Damn
Yankees, for example, PLCs controUed not only winches
but the complex sequencing of five pneumatic valves for
the Old JoeIYoung Joe exchange elevator traps, pneumatic flipper doors on the show portals, tlle hydraulic,
pneumatic and electrical systems of the front door
"turtle" and many other effects. And these are but a few
of the possible control solutions available using micro
PLCs.
Micro PLCs can time events, count, solve algebraic
equations and much more using simple ON/OFF commands in Relay Ladder Logic. And each day, manufacturPLC
TERM/NAL CONNECTED
INPUTS
TO COMMON
B
o
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iJ
4
UJ
Q
5
Q
UJ
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6
,...
'" 7
~
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996
Contents
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 1
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 2
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 3
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - Contents
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 5
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 6
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 7
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 8
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 9
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 10
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 11
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 12
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 13
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 14
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 15
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 16
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 17
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 18
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 19
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 20
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 21
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 22
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 23
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 24
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 25
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 26
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 27
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 28
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 29
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 30
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 31
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 32
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 33
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 34
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 35
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 36
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 37
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 38
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 39
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 40
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 41
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 42
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 43
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 44
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 45
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 46
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 47
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 48
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 49
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 50
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 51
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 52
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 53
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 54
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 55
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 56
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 57
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 58
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 59
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 60
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 61
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 62
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 63
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 64
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 65
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 66
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 67
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 68
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 69
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 70
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 71
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 72
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 73
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 74
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 75
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 1996 - 76
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/hickmanbrady/tdt_1969Dec
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