IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q2 2018 - 18

I (KA)
400

(20, 332.82)

Slope at Origin = 81 S (Stable Red dc V-I Curve)
Slope at Origin = 961 S (Unstable Green
dc V-I Curve)

Stable Branch
200

Slope at Origin = 2.4 KS (Stable Blue
dc V-I Curve)

(16, 67.6)

Slope at Origin = 6.56 KS (Unstable Magenta
dc V-I Curve)

Stable Branch

Slope at Origin = 11.88 KS (Stable Purple
dc V-I Curve)
Stable Branch
-20

-10

(-9, 0)

(11, 4.4)
0

(-20, -2.42)

10

V (V )
20
0.15

(-9, -14.4)
Locally Active Region
-9 V < V < -3 V

I (KA)

0.075
V (V )

-9
-8 -7 -6
-5 -4
-3
(-6.955 V, -29.086 A)
(-7.045 V,
-26.926 A)

(-14, -126.35)
-150

Slope = -24 S

-2

-1

0

-0.075

-0.15
Figure 4. dc V-I curve of the 4-lobe chua corsage memristor over the input voltage range - 20 V # V # 20 V. Observe the curve
is contiguous and contains 4 distinct hysteresis lobes. nonlinear scaling of i-axis is used to fit all branches of the dc V-I curves
in same figure. Points on the solid branches represent stable (hence, observable) DC operating points. Points on the dotted
branches represent unstable (hence, unobservable) DC operating points. the left inset shows the conductances value at V = 0 V.
the right inset shows the zoomed diagram of the upper red dc V-I curve over the range - 9 V # V # 0 V. the slope at V = - 7 V
is -24 siemens (calculated from the coordinates at V = - 7.045 V and V = 6.955 V ) .

of a nonlinear device is approximated with linear equations. Similar to standard electronic circuit theory, the
small-signal equivalent circuit is derived about an equilibrium point (V, I ) by applying the Taylor series and the
Laplace transform, as shown in Fig. 5(a). Let V and I
be the DC voltage and current of the 4-lobe Chua corsage memristor at an equilibrium point Q. The DC state
x = X can be computed numerically by solving the equilibrium equation
18

IEEE cIrcuIts and systEms magazInE

dx = 59 - x + x - 20 - x - 40 + x - 65
dt
- x - 95 + v = g (x, v) = 0

(8)

for x = X where X is a multi-valued function of the DC
voltage V. In particular, for - 9 V < V < 11 V, Fig. 4 shows
there are 5 equilibrium points located at x = X 0, x = X 1,
x = X 2, x = X 3, and x = X 4 . Each of these 5 values of
x would satisfy (8), for each DC voltage V d (- 9, 11) .
sEcOnd quartEr 2018



Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine - Q2 2018

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