IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March 2018 - 28

Wooden Beam
94 × 34 mm

Steel Column

Steel Angle
3 × 100 × 100 mm
Bolted Joint

Steel Angle
3 × 100 × 100 mm
Bolted Joint

34

10

350

Wooden Column
98 × 10 mm

Turnbuckle

10

983

1,000

Wooden Beam
98 × 10 mm

100

X

Steel Angle
3 × 100 × 100 mm
Bolted Joint

Steel Angle
3 × 100 × 100 mm
Bolted Joint

Z

Steel Base
(a)
4

T2.0

5.00
| FFT| (m/s2/Hz)

2
1
0
-1
EXP1
EXP2
EXP3
EXP4
NOSA-ITACA

-2
-3
-4
0.00

(c)

6.00

T2.0

3
Acceleration (m/s2)

(b)

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00 5.00
Time (s)
(d)

6.00

7.00

4.00

EXP1
EXP2
EXP3
EXP4
NOSA-ITACA

3.00
2.00
1.00

8.00

0.00

0

1

2

3

4
5
6
Frequency (Hz)
(e)

7

8

9

10

FIGURE 3. The system validation: the wooden-framed structure (a) schematic, (b) finite-element model, and (c) prototype realization. A
comparison between NOSA-ITACA simulations and (d) the measured acceleration and (e) natural frequencies. EXP: experiment; FFT: fast
Fourier transform.

finite-element model of the structure has been built via the
NOSA-ITACA code and updated to fit the experimental data,
allowing the mechanical properties of the materials of the
structure to be estimated [21], [22].

EVALUATION OF THE STRUCTURAL
BEHAVIOR OF THE BELL TOWER
The SMS was installed on the San Frediano's bell tower, placing the IoT sensor nodes, as depicted in Figure 4(a), in two
28 IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine

^

march 2018

different sections of the tower. We chose to install the sensor
devices on the top of the tower, since the measured displacement is at a maximum there. Through the proposed infrastructure, we were able to monitor the effects on the tower produced
by movements of the bells as well as the vibrations induced by
sources such as crowds, traffic, and the wind.
The acceleration power spectrum has been evaluated by
the analysis of the data along the main directions of the
tower indicated with X and Y in Figure 4(a). The main natural



Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - March 2018

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