Psychiatry - July 2008 - (Page 67)

[journal watch] use of anabolic-androgenic steroids in athletes, and correlate severity of abuse with observed side effects, researchers studied three groups of body-building, amateur and recreational athletes: a non-abusing control group (n=80), a placeboadministered group of users (n=80), and a group of active users of anabolic-androgenic steroids (n=160) that was, in turn, divided into light, medium and heavy abuse subgroups. Authors found a statistically significant increase in all psychometric subscales recorded in the group of users, and conclude that the psychiatric side effects of anabolic-androgenic steroids is correlated to the severity of abuse and that the force of these side effects intensifies as the abuse escalates. PMID: 16356691 Ergogenic aids: a review of basic science, performance, side effects, and status in sports. Tokish JM, Kocher MS, Hawkins RJ. Am J Sports Med. 2004 Sep;32(6):1543-53. Review. Synopsis: Authors review the use of drugs and supplements by athletes to enhance sports performance, including benefits, risks, quality and side effects of specific drugs such as anabolic steroids, human growth hormone, amphetamines and similar compounds, erythropoietin and supplements such as creatine, ephedra, and androstenedione. PMID: 15310585 ahead of print] Synopsis: Authors conducted a meta-analysis of 59 studies of the relationship of peritraumatic dissociation to posttraumatic stress. They found a significant positive relation between peritraumatic dissociation and posttraumatic stress, and also discuss differences in methodological rigor between studies. PMID: 18502549 The independent predictive value of peritraumatic dissociation for PTSD symptomatology after type I trauma: A systematic review of prospective studies. van der Velden PG, Wittmann L. Clin Psychol Rev. 2008 Mar 4. [Epub ahead of print] Synopsis: Authors conducted a literature search and reviewed 17 studies examining the independent predictive value of peri-traumatic dissociation for post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms after single traumatic events. They found that initial mental health problems are better predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms than peri-traumatic dissociation. PMID: 18406027 Peritraumatic psychological and somatoform dissociation in predicting PTSD symptoms: a prospective study. Hagenaars MA, van Minnen A, Hoogduin KA. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2007 Nov;195(11):952–954. Erratum in: J Nerv Ment Dis. 2008 Feb;196(2):177. Synopsis: Authors conducted a prospective study of 49 individuals approximately three weeks after a traumatic event and again six months later to evaluate the predictive value of psychological dissociation and somatoform peri- traumatic dissociation for posttraumatic stress disorder. They found that while peri-traumatic dissociation may not be a predictor of post-traumatic stress disorder, maladaptive post-traumatic coping behaviors such as persistent dissociation and dysfunctional cognitions may be predictors. PMID: 18000459 Is peritraumatic dissociation a risk factor for PTSD? Breh DC, Seidler GH. J Trauma Dissociation. 2007;8(1):53–69. Synopsis: Researchers conducted a meta-analysis of 35 studies on the relationship between peritraumatic dissociation and posttraumatic stress disorder. Based on the results, they conclude that while peri-traumatic dissociation is a moderate risk factor for posttraumatic stress disorder, the conceptualization of peri-traumatic dissociation in the framework of psychotraumatic stress syndromes needs further investigation. PMID: 17409054 The relationship between peritraumatic distress and peritraumatic dissociation: an examination of two competing models. Fikretoglu D, Brunet A, Best S, et al. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2006 Nov;194(11):853–858. Synopsis: To examine whether peri-traumatic dissociation protects trauma-exposed individuals from high levels of peri-traumatic distress, researchers analyzed results of measures of trauma exposure, traumatic stress, peritraumatic distress, and peritraumatic dissociation completed by 709 police officers and 317 peernominated civilians who had been exposed to various critical incidents. Authors conclude that the results do not support the idea [JULY] PERITRAUMATIC DISSOCIATION Relations among peritraumatic dissociation and posttraumatic stress: A meta-analysis. Lensvelt-Mulders G, van der Hart O, van Ochten JM, et al. Clin Psychol Rev. 2008 Mar 28. [Epub Psychiatry 2008 67

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Psychiatry - July 2008 Editor's Message Editorial Advisory Board Contents PsychRx Letters to the Editor Reliability of Diagnoses: Do Psychiatrists Use Structured Interviews In Real Clinical Settings? Trend Watch: Use of Atypical Antipsychotics in the Elderly Review: The Struggle for Mental Healthcare in New Orleans-One Case at a Time Psychotherapy Rounds: Psychotherapeutic and Adjuntive Pharmacologic Approaches to Treating Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Original Research: Baseline Dissociation and Prospective Success in Special Forces Assessment and Selection Commentary: Performance-Enhancing Drugs: Where Should the Line Be Drawn and By Whom? Commentary: Psychiatric Diagnosis and the Pathlogist's View of Schizophrenia Journal Watch Classified Advertising Information for Authors

Psychiatry - July 2008

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