Psychiatry - December 2008 - (Page 60)

Journal Watch Isotretinoin and the risk of depression in patients with acne vulgaris: a case-crossover study. Azoulay L, Blais L, Koren G, et al. J Clin Psychiatry. 2008 Apr;69(4):526–532. Synopsis: To determine whether isotretinoin increases the risk of depression in patients with acne vulgaris, researchers conducted a case-crossover study of 126 subjects out of 30,496 who were prescribed isotretinoin and were diagnosed with or hospitalized for depression. They found that the relative risk of depression for those exposed to isotretinoin was 2.68, and conclude that theirs is the first controlled study to find a statistically significant association between isotretinoin and depression. PMID: 18363422 Retinoid-mediated regulation of mood: possible cellular mechanisms. O’Reilly K, Bailey SJ, Lane MA. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2008 Mar;233(3):251–258. Review. Synopsis: Authors review behavioral and possible cellular effects of retinoid deficiency or excess in the adult brain in relation to altered mood, including the effect of retinoids on depressionrelated behaviors; whether norepinephrinergic, dopaminergic, or serotonergic neurotransmitter systems may be impaired; and evidence that adult neurogenesis is reduced by retinoid signaling. They conclude that treatment with 13cis-RA decreases adult neurogenesis and/or alters the expression of components of serotonergic neurotransmitter system, leading to impaired serotonin signaling and depressionrelated behaviors. PMID: 18296731 a quick look at the noteworthy articles in psychiatry research DECEMBER 2008 by Laura G. Alexander DRUG-INDUCED DEPRESSION Update on drug-induced depression in the elderly. Kotlyar M, Dysken M, Adson DE. Am J Geriatr Pharmacother. 2005 Dec;3(4):288–300. Review. Synopsis: In this review, authors examine studies published from 1996 to 2005 on medications commonly used by the elderly—including antihypertensives, lipid-lowering drugs, and selective estrogenreceptor modulators—that may induce depression. Based on the results, authors conclude that recent data on the potential for medications to induce or worsen depression symptoms are largely contradictory, reflecting few controlled studies and the challenge of determining the cause of depressive symptoms. PMID: 16503326 60 Psychiatry 2008 [ V O L U M E 5, NUMBER Comparison of clinical characteristics of opium-induced and independent major depressive disorder. Mowla A, Kianpor M, Bahtoee M, et al. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2008;34(4):415–421. Synopsis: Researchers compared clinical characteristics of two groups of male patients matched for age, educational level, and marital status: 187 men who appeared to have opium-induced major depression and 187 men who appeared to have major depression independent of substance use. They found that the opiuminduced depressed patients were more severely depressed, more severely motor retarded, had more social and occupational problems, and manifested more gastrointestinal, sexual, and somatic complaints. PMID: 18584571 12, DECEMBER]

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Psychiatry - December 2008 Editor’s Message Contents Editorial Advisory Board Antidepressant Prescribing by Specialty and Treatment of Premenstrual Dysmorphic Disorder Pain, Pain, Go Away: Antidepressants and Pain Management Why Psychotherapy Helps the Patient in Chronic Pain General Medical Drugs Associated with Depression Katatonia: A New Conceptual Understanding of Catatonia and a New Rating Scale Thermoregulation and the Role of Calcium Signalling in Neurotransmission Cognition and Schizophrenia: Is There a Role for Cognitive Assessments in Diagnosis and Treatment? Journal Watch Information for Authors

Psychiatry - December 2008

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