Florida Native American Heritage Trail - (Page 11) Culture, a group of Native Americans who lived along the Gulf Coast between 1,200 and 1,800 years ago. ere is a self-guided interpretive trail, including a boardwalk around the tallest mound. Pensacola Historical Society Museum Pensacola, Escambia County 850.434.5455 www.pensacolahistory.org/museum.htm Fort San Marcos de Apalache Historic State Park St. Marks, Wakulla County 850.925.6216 www.floridastateparks.org/sanmarcos/ default.cfm Archaeology Institute, University of West Florida Pensacola, Escambia County 850.474.3015 www.uwf.edu/archaeology/about/ e Archaeology Institute at the University of West Florida is an educational, research and service facility concerned with the prehistoric and historic archaeological resources of the northwest Florida region. Facilities include laboratories, offices, and collection curation space. An exhibit hall features exhibits on West Florida archaeological sites from pre-European times through the 1800s. Operated by the Pensacola Historical Society, Inc., the museum exhibits include Native American displays showcasing the human occupation of Pensacola from 10,000 to 500 years ago. Other exhibits feature Pensacola’s colonial, Civil War, military, and maritime heritage. Fort Pickens, Gulf Islands National Seashore Pensacola Beach, Escambia County 850.934.2600 www.nps.gov/guis/ Located at the confluence of the St. Marks and Wakulla Rivers, Native Americans used the site of Fort San Marcos de Apalache for thousands of years. e fort was built by the Spanish in 1600s to protect the Spanish missions in the area. e park museum displays pottery and tools unearthed near the original fort and explains the history of the San Marcos site, a National Historic Landmark. Fort Pickens is the largest of four forts built to defend Pensacola Bay and its navy yard. e fort was begun in 1829, completed in 1834, and used until the 1940s. e famous Apache chief Geronimo was imprisoned in Fort Pickens from 1886 to 1888. (a) From left-to-right: lancelote spear point ca. 10,000 years old, 9,000 year old stemmed biface, 7,000-year-old biface, 5,000-year-old biface, 3,000-year old-biface. (b) Shell tools from Southwest Florida: Top two rows – bone fishing tools and jewelry, including shark teeth (top right); Bottom two rows – shell tools, including plummets and fishing weights (top) and cutting tools, and hammers (bottom). (Images courtesy of the Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville) drill, cut, and engrave shell, bone, and wood were common. In southern and eastern Florida, where chert is not available, shell and shark teeth were used. Chert was still considered valuable, however, and was often obtained through trade. Robert J. Austin (b) u 11 http://www.floridastateparks.org/sanmarcos/default.cfm http://www.pensacolahistory.org/museum.htm http://www.uwf.edu/archaeology/about/ http://www.nps.gov/guis/
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