IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2018 - 91

supplemented by market iterations among transactive
agents, whereby the transactive agents can adjust their
schedules, bids, and offers based on advisory prices determined by t-derMs and issued by the dsO.
the t-derMs implementation provides the option for
the dsO to either 1) enforce phase balance constraints
(phase unbalance limits), resulting in different dlMPs per
phase, or 2) avoid phase-specific price differences by providing advisory adjustment information for transactive
agents to adjust their transactions before the actual operating (delivery) period.
the t-derMs implementation also incorporates the
d-tag construct, a concept borrowed from the electronic
tagging mechanism in the bulk power markets, but with
added enhancements. this includes automated tag processing and approval to reduce or eliminate the need for
human operator intervention, which would result in a
serious bottleneck in view of the large number of gridedge transactions that must be handled.

Illustrative Use Case
the use case presented here is meant to illustrate the use of a
tdMs at a utility depicting operation under a regulatory environment in grid modernization stage 3. specifically, the use
case covers the scheduling timeframe and illustrates how
a t-derMs component of a tdMs is used. A simplified distribution system is used, as shown in Figure 5. For the
sake of simplicity, we assume a phase-balanced setup
while preserving the main actors and interactions in a
practical tdMs application.
the use case actors, their relationships, specific regulatory context, and the functional use of tdMss are
explained as follows:

PNode 1
(TTN1)

Actors/Systems: the main use-case actors are:
1) the dsO
2) a microgrid operator
3) an aggregator or dr provider (drP)
4) a ccA
5) a supplier
6) the wholesale market operator (isO/rtO).
Relationships: the main actions and relationships are
as follows:
xx
the microgrid operator may interact with the distribution utility, bulk power market, or both, as allowed
by the underlying regulatory provisions and agreements with the distribution utility. its interactions
with the distribution utility may be based on participation in the utility dr/der programs or bidding into
a retail market facilitated by the dsO. to interact with
the bulk power market, the microgrid operator uses
the available bulk power market der construct, the
associated participating model, and scheduling processes to offer energy and/or ancillary services into
the isO/rtO market. it then receives cleared schedules from the market, informs the dsO of the quantities bid and cleared (with no need to disclose its isO/
rtO bid prices to the dsO), as well as the corresponding isO/rtO market scheduling point or pricing node
(Pnode). if multiple points of common coupling exist
between the microgrid and the distribution system,
the relevant substation (the point of common coupling) is required as part of the information exchange.
the interconnection agreement with the utility may
impose different injection and withdrawal limits
between the microgrid and the distribution system
depending on the point of common connection.

PNode 2
(TTN2)

ISO

63-kV
Substation
(STN)

DSO
34-kV Substation
with Hosting
Capacity Limit
(TEN1)
DER
13.2-kV Substation
(No Hosting
Capacity Limit)
Service Points:
DR:
NonDR:

µGrid

34-kV Substation
with Hosting
Capacity Limit
(TEN4)

(TEN3)

12.8-kV Substations
with Hosting
Capacity Limit

(TEN2)

CCA

Service Points:
DR:
NonDR:

Figure 5. A simplified network for the illustrative use case.

	

IEEE Elec trific ation Magazine / j u n e 201 8

91



Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2018

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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2013
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2013
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