IEEE Electrification Magazine - March 2014 - 56

xx
providing power quality for 21st-century needs
xx
operating resiliently against physical and cyber-

attacks
xx
accommodating all generation and storage options
xx
enabling new products, services, and markets
xx
optimizing assets and operating efficiently.

the concrete measures that should be taken to accomplish these objectives have been the subject of intensified
research over the past decade. this article explores the
strategy that deals with all of them at the same time: a
fundamental turnaround at the grassroots levels of lowvoltage distribution systems, from ac to dc architectures.
in that sense, a particular dc subsystem connected to a
supreme ac distribution through dedicated dc-ac converter automatically implies power quality independence
from utility mains. Furthermore, it gives a natural interface for modern electronic loads as well as for most ress
and energy-storage systems (esss) like batteries. the possibility of islanded operation that makes the system fully
resistant to major blackouts in the main grid is much
more simple to design on dc because of the lack of synchronization problems and reactive power flows. Moreover, with proper selection of nominal operating voltage,
its efficiency will generally be higher than its ac

counterpart. with these facts in mind, we envision that
these kinds of dc subsystems will constitute the core of
future distribution networks and that they will be gradually adopted in applications such as dc homes, hybrid electric vehicle (heV) charging stations, and commercial and
industrial facilities.
a next-generation distribution system that is in line
with the aforementioned discussion is depicted in
FigureĀ  1. it shows a number of dc-powered subsystems
connected to a single synchronous ac system that
includes appliances in which dc has already been used
for years, such as telecommunication systems, data centers, and dc renewable generation facilities. however, it is
the extension of dc to future appliances and to those that
were traditionally operating on ac backbone that will
make a true difference. For instance, an heV charging station formed around a common dc link has the ability of
providing much faster recharging service to connected
vehicles than presently available ac chargers. Moreover,
since the grid connection may be realized by means of a
dedicated dc-ac converter, the grid support and power
exchange control at the associated point of common coupling (Pcc) are straightforward. the substitution of traditional ac architectures in favor of dc for the case of future

ac Transmission
System

-48 Vdc
Remote Telecom Station

VFD Industrial
Machinery

380 Vdc
pHEV Charging Station

LED Street
Lighting

Distribution
System
Substation

+
-
Bidirectional
ac-dc Converters

Flywheel

Grid Rectifier

Grid-Tied Bidirectional
Inverter
+

+

-

-

Grid
Inverter
Grid Rectifier
+

-

dc Renewable
Energy Park

+
-
380 Vdc
380 Vdc
Powered Home

Data Center
Commercial Building

Figure 1. A next-generation distribution system.

56

380 Vdc

I E E E E l e c t r i f i c ati o n M agaz ine / MARCH 2014

Multistage
ac-dc
Converters
dc-dc
Converters



Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Electrification Magazine - March 2014

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