IEEE Electrification Magazine - March 2014 - 66

By Liang Che, Mohammad E. Khodayar,
and Mohammad Shahidehpour

Adaptive
Protection System
for Microgrids
Protection practices of a
functional microgrid system.

istributed energy resources (ders) offer on-site
generation at consumption points, which are expected to
change the conventional concept of central power generation. der integration reduces transmission losses and
enhances the operation reliability of distribution systems. However, distribution systems are traditionally designed as passive networks in which large der penetrations representing
bidirectional power flows and topology-dependent fault currents could
affect protection devices, cause danger to the maintenance personnel,
and result in uncontrollable under-/overvoltage and frequency. ieee
standard 1547 requires der units to stop energizing the distribution
system when the system is de-energized due to faults.
Microgrids are introduced to address the issues with the economics
and the resilience of power delivery systems. A microgrid is a small electric power system, which is connected to the utility grid through the point
of common coupling (Pcc), and uses on-site ders for supplying all or some
portions of local demands. When connected to the utility grid, microgrid loads
are supplied by both the utility grid and on-site generation. from the utility grid
side, a microgrid is seen as an aggregated controllable load. A key feature of the
microgrid operation includes its seamless islanding from the utility grid and ability to
be self-controlled in island mode. once a fault affects a distribution network, local
microgrids can enhance the power system reliability by switching to island mode as local
der units continue to supply the microgrid loads.

D

Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MELE.2013.2297031
Date of publication: 18 March 2014

66

I E E E E l e c t r i f i cati o n M agaz ine / MARCH 2014

Dog © Can StoCk Photo/3DCliPartSDE. MiCrogriD CourtESy of MohaMMaD ShahiDEhPour.

2325-5987/14/$31.00©2014
2325-5987/14/$31.00©2014IEEE
IEEE



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