IEEE Electrification Magazine - March 2015 - 41

Decentralized Power Company

electrification. As of 2002, the SHP
installed capacity is equal to 33.7% of
the installed capacity of large
hydropower. Overall, estimates are that
about 300 million people in 400 counties rely solely on SHP while up to
another 400 million rely in part on SHP.
During the first development
phase of rural electrification in China,
despite policies concerning poverty
alleviation and agricultural development, electricity supply in rural areas
is not the priority for the central
government. The central government
paid special attention to commercial energy construction,
such as large power stations, coal mines, and oil fields, to
provide energy for cities and industries. One thing stood

Grid extension and
alternative solutions
are being carried out
to reach the goal of
solving the problem
of the unelectrified
population.

China is characterized by distributed
self-production from local resources
rather than large-scale energy companies. These DPCs are administered
by the government at the local township, county, or village level. They not
only own distribution business but
also run subtransmission (35 kV)
systems and generation plants. The
DPC, especially SHP, has been regarded as the most successful rural electrification experience. It is also part of
the bottom-up approach.
Most SHP plants are located in southwestern and central
China, where water resources are abundant (see "SHP in
China"). They are developed particularly for supplying rural

ShP in china

T

he capacity range of SHP has a

SHP stations supply the local people through

3) promoting and improving water conservancy,

strong link with the development of

their own distribution system.

flood control, and resistance to draughts;

the national economy, especially the rural

The Regulations and Procedures for Economic

4) increasing national and local fiscal revenue,

economy and rural electricity consumption.

Evaluation on SHP Construction Projects

expanding accumulation, and promoting the

The capacity range of small hydro was

issued by the Ministry of Water Resources in

local economy; 5) changes in local per capita

0.5 MW in the 1950s and increased to 50 MW

1995 (national industrial standards) provides

grain production and per capita income; 6) the

in 2011 (Figure S1).

a list of the social benefits from SHP, including:

influences of improving rural labor structure,

In the 1960s, the governing policy

1) promoting the development of local and

increasing energy supply, expanding production,

for rural SHP was "self-construction, self-

township industrial enterprises and gross

and creating jobs; and 7) boosting the production

management, and self-consumption." Local

domestic product growth, and improving

development and living standard, etc.

authorities, entities, and individuals were

industrial structure of rural areas; 2) boosting

With broadcasting, television, and electronic-

encouraged to use local resources and funds

the development of farming, forestry, husbandry,

based education devices, people will have

to plan and construct SHP; those who invest

byproducts, and fishery, and contributions to grain

more entertainment, a rich cultural life, and

and construct SHP plants own the plants;

output and total output of the agricultural sector;

easier access to knowledge.

1980-1990:
<25 MW
1970s:
<12 MW
1960s:
<3 MW
1950s:
<0.5 MW
* Iron and
Wooden
Turbine,
Single
Station

* Molded
Iron
Turbine,
Multiple
Stations
Connected

* Series Units,
Partial Auto
Control

* High-Efficiency
Units,
Automatic
Operation

2000-Now:
<50 MW
* High-Efficiency
Units,
Automatic
Operation

Figure S1. The change of capacity range and unit type for small hydro from the 1950s until now. (Source: Pan et al., 2006.)

IEEE Electrific ation Magazine / March 2 0 1 5

41



Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Electrification Magazine - March 2015

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IEEE Electrification Magazine - March 2015 - Cover3
IEEE Electrification Magazine - March 2015 - Cover4
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2017
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2016
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2014
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