IEEE Electrification Magazine - March 2015 - 85

The Americas section opened with Benjamin Kroposki
giving a historical perspective on microgrid standards and
focused on IEEE 1547.4, whose development he chaired.
Next, Farid Katiraei gave a few concise observations on the
goals of standards and understanding of system requirements and performance criteria in their design. He argued
that standards should address functional requirements
rather than specifying technologies to allow for innovative
solutions and that standards groups should look beyond
the point of interconnection for various devices. Further,
they should take a systems approach, noting the importance of communications and providing utility-grade
remote control and monitoring for system operators. The
importance of agreeing on a test plan at an early stage
was also noted. The point was made that standards
should be flexible to enhance design during development
by saying that we are all learning together. This provided a
good segue to the remarks by Jim Reilly, Standards Panel
Session cochair, who introduced the new working group
for IEEE P2030.7, Standard for the Specification of Microgrid
Controllers, and he encouraged participation by all interested parties.
The European panelist, Alexandre Oudalov, described
two types of standards: 1) design, operation, and integration
and 2) hardware (including safety). He described ABB's
approach to developing a microgrid control platform and
the role of standards in that process. A vivid debate was triggered by Mario Paolone. He emphasized the need for more
accurate measurements (and associated standards) to cope
with the high dynamics that characterize energy transfer in
microgrids. He pointed to phasor measurement unit (PMU)
technology, which represents one of the backbone systems
for enabling quasi-real-time monitoring of transmission
networks. In recent years, PMU devices are being deployed
in DSs, and they will eventually be applied to microgrids. In
particular, this technology might offer a solution for monitoring distribution networks and microgrids characterized
by a massive presence of volatile distributed generation. The
functions that might be typically enabled by PMUs in DSs
are state estimators as well as protection and control systems. The international standard defining the performance
of PMUs is IEEE Standard for Synchrophasor Measurements
for Power Systems, C37.118.1-2011, and its recent amendment, IEEE Standard for Synchrophasors Measurement for

Power Systems, Amendment 1: Modification of Selected Performance Requirements, IEEE C37.118.1a-2014. In this respect,
the extension of PMU technology to smaller systems
requires a suitable adaptation of the existing standard to
cope with the tighter accuracy requirements in static, distorted, and dynamic conditions.

Upcoming articles
This edition of the symposium also included 14 posters,
with many of them raising high interest among participants.

Based on the selection proposed by participants, the
authors of Economic Analysis of Milligrids (Goncalo
Mendes) and High-Rise Building Micro-Hydro Pumped-

Storage and PV Microgrid Proposal at Shanghai Jinmao
Tower as a Case Study (Jianmin Zhang and Qianzhi Zhang)
will be invited to contribute a more comprehensive presentation of the work as manuscripts to be submitted for
a future issue of IEEE Electrification Magazine. From the
presentations given during the symposium, the most
wanted extended articles were "U.S. Microgrids for
Enhancing Resilience" (Ross Guttromson), "K-MEG Project
dc Distribution Microgrid Control System" (Hyung Cho),
and "Demand-Side Resiliency with DER and Microgrids"
(Hirohisa Aki). These results underscore the preeminence
of increased resilience among microgrid benefits. These
three presenters will be invited to prepare an extended
version of their work to be published in the June issue of
IEEE Electrification Magazine.

Biographies
Chris Marnay (chrismarnay@lbl.gov) is with Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory.
Benjamin Kroposki (Benjamin.Kroposki@nrel.gov) is
with National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
Meiqin Mao (mmqmail@163.com) is with Hefei University of Technology.
Honghua Xu (hxu@mail.iee.ac.cn) is with the Chinese
Academy of Science.
Alex Chong (alex_chong@epgc.a-star.edu.sg) is with
Experimental Power Grid Centre, A*STAR, Singapore.
Se-Kyo Chung (skchung@gnu.ac.kr) is with Gyeongsang
National University.
Ryoichi Hara (Hara@ssi.ist.hokudai.ac.jp) is with Hokkaido University.
Toshifumi Ise (ise@pwr.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp) is with Osaka
University.
Reza Iravani (iravani@ecf.utoronto.ca) is with the University of Toronto.
Farid Katiraei (FKatiraei@quanta-technology.com) is
with Quanta Technologies.
Mihaela Albu (mihaela.albu@upb.ro) is with Politehnica
University of Bucharest.
Nikos Hatziargyriou (nhatziar@mail.ntua.gr) is with
National Technical University of Athens.
Toshihisa Funabashi (funabashi@esi.nagoya-u.ac.jp) is
with Nagoya University.
Jim Reilly (j_reilly@verizon.net) is with Reilly Associates.
Johan Driesen (Johan.Driesen@esat.kuleuven.be) is
with KU Leuven.
Guillermo Jimenez (gjimenez@ing.uchile.cl) is with the
University of Chile.
Xavier Vallve (xavier.vallve@tta.com.es) is with Trama
TecnoAmbiental.

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