IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2014 - 48

auxiliary power. This allows the auxiliary power diesel generator to be shut down.
✔ The dc power at this stage is very low, supplying only
the dc station auxiliary load and losses in the synchronous compensators. With such low dc current,
together with its characteristic harmonic ripple, dc
current is discontinuous. refiring of the converter
valves during their normal conduction interval is
therefore required. operational time with discontinuous current is limited, so load must be connected
within 5 min.
✔ once the dc link is operating with the synchronous
condensers, ac lines can be connected, substations

320
300
280
50.5

energized, and loads picked up in order. This can
include providing start-up power for local generation
and exciting power for wind turbine generators.
✔ as load is picked up, the dc link will increase its
power drawn from the mainland to maintain the frequency on the island. The synchronous condensers
regulate the ac voltage and provide inertia, helping to
ride through disturbances.
✔ if local generation is subsequently started, it can be
dispatched to a set power level with frequency control
maintained by the dc link. alternatively, the dc link
can act like a generator and share frequency control
with local generation.

320
300
Udc (kV)

Udc (kV)

280
360
340
320
300
50.5

f (Hz)
50
48.5
400
200 Ua, Ub, Uc (kV)
0
-200
-400
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8
Time (s)

Uac-ref (kV)

F1 (Hz)

50
49.5
50

2

P (MW)
Q (MVar)

0
0.5

0.55
Time (s)

0.6

0.65

-50

0

0.5

1

1.5
Time (s)

2

2.5

3

(b)

(a)
320

320

Udc (kV)

300

300

280

280

360
320

Udc (kV)

360

Uac-ref (kV)
Uac (kV)

340

Uac-ref (kV)
Uac (kV)

340
320

300
50.5

300
50.5

F1 (Hz)

50

F1 (Hz)

50

49.5
100

49.5
100
50

P (MW)

50

Q (MVar)

0

0

-50
-100
0

Uac (kV)

0.5

1

1.5
Time (s)
(c)

2

2.5

3

-50
-100

P (MW)
Q (MVar)
1

1.5

2

2.5

3
3.5
Time (s)
(d)

4

4.5

5

5.5

6

figure 4. (a) Energizing an ac bus from the dc side with a VSC. (b) Energizing a 250-MVA transformer. (c) Energizing a
200-km, 330-kV ac line. (d) Synchronizing a remote 250-MVA generator.
48

ieee power & energy magazine

january/february 2014



Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2014

IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2014 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2014 - Cover2
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2014 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2014 - Cover4
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