IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 38
Mid-Atlantic WWTP1, Processes 681,390 m3/day
1)
Screens
2)
Primary
Clarifier
3)
Activated Sludge
Reactors
4)
Secondary
Clarifier
Sand
Filter
Chlorination
Discharge
Mid-Atlantic WWTP2, Processes 7,570 m3/day
1)
Screens
2)
Primary
Clarifier
3)
Primary
Aeration Tank
Secondary
Aeration Tank
Secondary
Clarifier
4)
Multimedia
Filter
Chlorination
Discharge
Midwest WWTP1, Processes 1,363 m3/day
1)
2)
3)
Activated Sludge
Lagoons
Screens
Clarifiers
4)
Seasonal
Chlorinationa
Discharge
Midwest WWTP2, Processes 1,439 m3/day
1)
2)
Screens
Sequencing Batch
Reactor
Lagoon
Cell A
3)
Lagoon
Cell B
Lagoon
Cell C
Lagoon
Cell D
Lagoon
Cell E
Discharge
figure 4. WWT plants provide opportunities for electric system flexibility.
demand periods often coincide with hot and dry weather, giving plant managers some flexibility in keeping storage available while reducing electrical demand.
WWT plants comprise a number of unit processes that
typically operate in continuous mode. Energy demand
is closely correlated with liquid flow rates into the plant.
Because flow rates are variable (diurnal cycles) or weatherrelated (rainfall), energy demand is not constant. Wastewater utilities typically pay for their electricity according
to a fixed rate, although dynamic pricing structures do
exist. When the electricity grid experiences peak demand,
the opportunity exists for a plant to voluntarily curtail its
electricity usage by turning down or shutting off equipment in return for rebates from the electrical utility. Load
shifting strategies in WWT facilities include pre-aeration,
38
ieee power & energy magazine
utilization of storage capacity, and the scheduling of some
operations (e.g., dewatering and filter back-washing) during
off-peak periods.
However, without proper design, the duration of this curtailment has potential implications for WWT operations in
terms of water quality. There are some documented examples of turning off aeration blowers for several hours as a DR
measure. However, this can have a negative impact on the
water quality (for example, turbidity) in the treated wastewater. Another interesting approach is the concept of overoxygenating of wastewater by over-aerating wastewater prior
to a DR event. This load-shifting strategy shows promise for
significant DR reductions. Other constraints include meeting
discharge consents, dealing with major fluctuation in storm
water flows, and public health risks.
january/february 2017
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 4
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 5
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 6
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 7
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 8
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 9
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 10
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 11
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 12
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 13
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 14
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 15
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 16
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 17
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 18
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 19
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 20
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 21
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 22
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 23
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 24
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 25
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 26
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 27
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 28
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 29
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 30
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 31
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 32
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 33
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 34
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 35
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 36
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 37
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 38
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 39
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 40
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 41
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 42
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 43
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 44
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 45
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 46
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 47
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 48
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 49
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 50
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 51
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 52
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 53
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 54
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 55
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 56
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 57
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 58
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 59
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 60
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 61
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 62
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 63
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 64
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 65
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 66
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 67
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 68
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 69
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 70
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 71
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 72
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 73
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 74
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 75
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 76
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 77
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 78
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 79
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 80
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 81
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 82
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 83
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 84
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 85
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 86
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 87
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 88
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 89
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 90
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 91
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - 92
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2017 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070820
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050620
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030420
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010220
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111219
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070819
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050619
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030419
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010219
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111218
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070818
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050618
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030418
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010218
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111217
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070817
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050617
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030417
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010217
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070816
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050616
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030416
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/powerenergy_010216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111215
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070815
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050615
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030415
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010215
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111214
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070814
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050614
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030414
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010214
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com