IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 70
to modernize the grid so as to contribute to Duke Energy's
overall balanced solution for meeting energy growth through
efficiency. the objective was to provide peak load reduction
through VVO, consequently displacing the need for traditional peak generation resources that are often more costly
and less environmentally friendly. More specifically, the
DSDr project business-case justification was based on the
deferred construction of two combustion turbine (Ct) generation peaking units.
the successful realization of DSDr-which included
physically improving approximately 1,200 distribution circuits to equalize voltage for maximum reduction potential
within allowable customer limits-began in 2008 and was
completed when the system was declared operational in June
2014. In addition to the necessary circuit conditioning and the
design and implementation of aDMS, the effort also included
the following critical components:
✔ geographic information system (gIS) field verifications
from the t/D substation to the customer transformer
✔ phasing verification at all line voltage regulator bank
locations
✔ installation of 7,500 new grid devices [VVO-controllable devices and medium voltage (MV)/low voltage
(LV) sensors]
✔ installation of Internet Protocol-based, two-way communications to all substations and grid SCaDa devices
✔ a SCaDa system upgrade to increase capacity to 1
million remote points
✔ production voltage reduction testing on the grid (over
180 activations)
✔ determination of the grid's seasonal load-to-voltage
dependencies
✔ establishment of an effective evaluation, measurement,
and verification (EM&V) process
✔ transitioning from discrete legacy volt/var management systems to aDMS
DSDr has since been fully incorporated into DEP's dayto-day system operations, including placement in its generation resource economic dispatch order (currently ahead of
oil-fired generation), integrated resource plan, and general
load reduction and system restoration plan. to date, the realized results and benefits from both DSDr and emergency
modes include
✔ validation of 316 Mw of peak load reduction capacity
(summer season)
✔ nominal capital deferral credit of $US440 million
through 2032 (Ct units)
✔ over 25,000 Mwh of energy savings from planned
activations
✔ validation of 178 Mw of peak generation spinning reserves (emergency mode level 1)
✔ over $US26 million in total avoided energy production costs
✔ emergency modes utilized to help avoid shedding firm
load during 2014 and 2015 polar vortex events
70
ieee power & energy magazine
✔ over 200,000 Mwh of energy savings from re-
duction in distribution line losses (DSDr circuit
conditioning).
Emergency Voltage Reduction
the obvious operational benefit of an emergency voltage
reduction mode is the fast implementation speed, which provides system operators another reliable option for quickly
balancing resources and reducing demand following a significant disturbance, such as a loss of generation supply. a
more obscure but equally beneficial aspect of this speed is
that it meets the disturbance recovery period required by
nErC standard BaL-002-1 (approximately 15 min), qualifying voltage reduction as a contingency reserve resource. as
such, it can be held in reserve during nonemergency scenarios and, consequently, displace the use of traditional generation resources during those periods.
this can provide considerable financial savings (resulting
from the avoidance of production costs associated with keeping other fossil-fuel-driven resources online) and also have
a positive impact on the environment. DEP estimates based
on cost savings analyses over a three-year period-from
2013 through the end of 2015-that through the combination of maintaining emergency mode level 1 as a contingency
reserve and the actual voltage reduction activations, the former accounted for 88% of total financial savings. Determining when voltage reduction can actually be used by a utility
in such a manner requires significant planning and evaluation and depends on variables such as the mix of available
generation resources and the capability (i.e., the load reduction capacity) of the emergency voltage reduction system.
the process to develop and deploy such a system is equally
important and is aided by an understanding of the evolution
to its current form with aDMS.
DEP has been using automated voltage reduction on its
distribution system for over three decades and for the same
purposes (albeit, in a different way than what exists today).
the idea of being able to remotely implement voltage reduction originated from the company's first demand-side management program. the program relied on one-way radio frequency or distribution power-line carrier communications to
control the necessary curtailment equipment installed at the
customer's home; this remote concept led to the development
of the initial voltage reduction system.
However, the company also recognized that the benefit
gained from not having to dispatch operating personnel to
the substation to manually implement voltage reduction
would be negated if a sustained loss of communications
occurred after remote activation. a loss-of-communications
fail-safe-an automatic return of regulator control settings
to default values to return voltage to normal conditions
after such an event-did not exist at the time and therefore
required the integration of an alternative method into the
design of the automation package. a filament transformer
was added that, upon receiving a remote signal, would
march/april 2018
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018
Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 4
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 5
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 6
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 7
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 8
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 9
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 10
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 11
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 12
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 13
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 14
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 15
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 16
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 17
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 18
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 19
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 20
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 21
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 22
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 23
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 24
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 25
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 26
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 27
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 28
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 29
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 30
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 31
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 32
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 33
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 34
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 35
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 36
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 37
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 38
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 39
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 40
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 41
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 42
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 43
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 44
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 45
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 46
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 47
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 48
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 49
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 50
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 51
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 52
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 53
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 54
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 55
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 56
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 57
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 58
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 59
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 60
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 61
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 62
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 63
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 64
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 65
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 66
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 67
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 68
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 69
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 70
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 71
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 72
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 73
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 74
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 75
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 76
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 77
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 78
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 79
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 80
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 81
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 82
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 83
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 84
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 85
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 86
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 87
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 88
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 89
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 90
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 91
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 92
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 93
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 94
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 95
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 96
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 97
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 98
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 99
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 100
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 101
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 102
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 103
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 104
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 105
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 106
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 107
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - 108
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2018 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070820
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050620
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030420
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010220
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111219
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070819
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050619
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030419
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010219
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111218
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070818
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050618
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030418
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010218
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111217
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070817
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050617
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030417
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010217
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070816
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050616
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030416
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/powerenergy_010216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111215
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070815
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050615
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030415
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010215
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111214
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070814
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050614
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030414
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010214
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com