IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 115
of spinning shafts under city streets
for the delivery of steam power, they
were not without drawbacks. Belts and
shafts were still required on the cus-
tomer premises to transmit power to
the machine being driven; essentially,
the electric motor simply replaced the
steam-power shaft. the motor had to
be kept running continuously during
working hours so that any user could
call upon power as needed (Figure 8).
another pioneer had paralleled the
efforts of daft. Frank Julian Sprague,
a graduate of the U.S. navy electrical
training program, the first in the na-
tion, had installed edison systems. in
so doing, he developed mathematical
formulas for system engineering and
perfected an efficient three-wire distri-
bution system that improved the edison
system to triple the area of distribution
and simultaneously reduce the copper
requirement by 62%. Sprague sought a
practical, efficient motor that would be
adequate to a wide variety of indus-
trial applications.
t he Sprague motor operated at
a constant speed, was compact, and
could be located at the workbench
without shafts or belts. Small motors
july/august 2018
located at each machine operated only
as needed without the continuous op-
eration necessitated when a central
daft motor was installed. Plant opera-
tion was simplified and more economi-
cal, and it was preferred by unions for
the enhanced safety of the elimination
of belts and shafts. By comparison, a
large central daft motor connected to
tools by shafts and belts soon seemed
as archaic as the steam power it had re-
placed. the Sprague motor freed sub-
stantial space for other use, and space
has always been a premium in Man-
hattan. that inherent efficiency and
flexibility, plus the compatibility with
edison lighting circuits, placed it well
ahead of the competition.
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ieee power & energy magazine
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Soon the
demand
for electric
motive power
from printers,
jewelers, leather
goods plants,
and optical
and metal
working firms
was such that
two separate
systems
evolved.
115
http://www.pr-tech.com
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018
Contents
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - Cover3
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