Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 55
from bat to bat. WNS causes them to
rouse every few days instead of every
few weeks as they used to do. The
small size of little brown bats means
they have less fat reserves to begin
with so they quickly lose their fat
reserves and starve.
They've been observed at the Hartman Limestone Mine eating snow after emerging starved and dehydrated.
In addition, little brown bats have
suppressed immune systems during hibernation, which makes them
more vulnerable to the fungus. Once
nicknamed the common bat, they are
now rare.
Scientists say the best-case scenario would be a full recovery of the
bat population in 200 years! As of
April 2015, the cave bats in 26 states
and five Canadian provinces have
been infected with WNS and still the
disease rages westward at a frightening pace.
This is a huge wildlife disaster,
certainly the worst in my lifetime.
It has been surmised that humans
brought the fungal spores on their
clothes into caves here from elsewhere.
Lately, there have been a few
bright spots in the WNS picture,
though.
In 2014 the Hartman Limestone Mine cave bat count was
155, and this year there were 71
bats. Although the numbers are
still low, Turner said, adult
bats are coming into hibernation heavier,
and with fewer
AUGUST 2015
skin lesions on their wings. They
also spread themselves out in hibernacula. But all such changes could
be because there are few bats left to
compete for food and space.
Knowing all this, I welcomed our
visiting little brown bat.
One bat eats between 800,000 and
1 million insects a year, including
moths, wasps, gnats, midges, beetles,
mayflies, and especially, mosquitoes
- scooping up prey with its wings
while flying or grabbing prey with its
mouth.
Little brown bats have both day
and night roosts during spring, summer and early fall. They like to roost
near ponds, lakes, rivers or streams
in buildings or trees, under rocks and
woodpiles, and in caves. Females and
their young occupy warm nursery
roosts in natural hollows, buildings,
such as old churches, at Canoe Creek
State Park, for example, and attics.
The bats spend a lot of time sleeping in a 24-hour period, saving their
energy for when insect prey are most
abundant - from dusk to two to three
hours later and again for a shorter
period before dawn. Flying at between 13 and 22 mph, they hunt their
prey using echolocation, a process in
which they orient themselves by emitting high-frequency sounds and then
interpreting the reflected soundwaves.
They mate in autumn before hibernation, but fertilization occurs after
the females emerge from hibernation
the following spring. After a gestation period of 50 to 60 days, a single
pup is born to a female in late May or
early June.
Born with their eyes closed, the
young hang in the nursery roost
55
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015
Contents
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - Intro
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - Cover1
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - Cover2
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 1
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - Contents
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 3
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 4
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 5
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 6
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 7
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 8
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 9
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 10
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 11
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 12
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 13
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 14
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 15
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 16
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 17
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 18
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 19
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 20
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 21
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 22
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 23
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 24
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 25
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 26
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 27
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 28
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 29
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 30
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 31
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 32
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 33
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 34
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 35
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 36
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 37
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 38
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 39
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 40
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 41
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 42
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 43
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 44
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 45
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 46
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 47
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 48
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 49
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 50
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 51
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 52
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 53
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 54
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 55
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 56
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 57
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 58
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 59
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 60
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 61
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 62
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 63
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - 64
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - BB1
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - BB2
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - Cover3
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2015 - Cover4
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