Personal Fitness Professional - October 2008 - (Page 27)

Submax and Maximal Eﬀort Assessments The following valid assessments require eﬀort at the submaximal to maximal levels. These will depend on the goal of the target population, require more than the standard PAR-Q screening and can include but not be limited to muscular power, muscular limit strength, local muscular endurance, agility, speed, cardiovascular endurance and ﬂexibility. Muscular power relates to movements that require a high volume of weight moved rapidly in a short period of time. Examples include the classic Olympic lifts of the snatch and cling to press. Muscular limit strength refers to the maximum amount of weight that can be moved at one time without regard to speed. Some examples are one-repetition max movements that are associated with the traditional power lifts of the bench press, deadlift and squat; however, there are some additional norms available for the general populations in use with a standard leg press or a hand grip dynamometer. Local muscular endurance movements involve assessments that have larger muscle groups performing repetitive movements in a given time frame or to failure. Some example movements are the abdominal curl-up, push-ups and pull-ups. There are additional movements using a fraction of body weight, such as the bench press. The agility tests are primarily indicated for athletes, measuring how quickly the individual reacts to a given multi-plane task. Some of the more common assessments are the T-test, Hexagon and tennis court agility. Speed tests are also generally intended for the athletic population, measuring how quickly an individual can cover a given distance in a period of time. Some examples of this kind of assessment this can be the 40-, 50- and up to a 110-yard dash. The cardiovascular endurance assessment tests the capacity of the cardiorespiratory system in which the norms can be interpreted as VO2 or MET levels and used to estimate kcal expenditure during exercise. Some examples of these modes of exercises are a modiﬁed treadmill walk, seated stationary bicycle or a 1.5-mile run. Flexibility testing measures the elasticity of certain muscle groups, ligaments and tendons that cross at least one joint. One of the most common movements is the sit-and-reach, which measures the available range of motion of the lumbar extensors, hip extensors and knee ﬂexors. is used to determine the basic caloric metabolism requirement during rest; it is highly individualized and very helpful when estimating daily energy expenditure. Some items associated with this require an individual to sit and rest while breathing into a device that conducts the measurements. Metabolic Testing Resting metabolic rate (RMR) Functional Movement The objective here is to have the client complete a movement pattern, allowing the observer to estimate which muscle groups are overly tight and which ones are weak, then adjust programming as needed. Some examples are the overhead squat, single-leg squat or observation of the client’s gait while walking on a treadmill. For more info, see ACSM’s Guidelines to Exercise Testing and Prescription, Seventh Edition, NASM Essentials of Personal Fitness Training, Third Edition, and Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning, Second Edition by NSCA. Geoﬀrey Miller, MS, CSCS, HFI, CPT, SPN (millergb@hotmail.com) has spent four years in the ﬁtness industry, two years in health promotions and clinical weight management, and he has participated in two bodybuilding competitions. ● OCTOBER2008 · WWW.FIT-PRO.COM 27 http://www.humankinetics.com http://WWW.FIT-PRO.COM

Table of Contents Feed for the Digital Edition of Personal Fitness Professional - October 2008

Personal Fitness Professional - October 2008 Contents Letter from the Editor, Writers Current Controversies Combating with Obesity Pilates and Yoga for Athletes New! The Balancing Act The Top Prize Building a Base of Special Populations Datebook The Success Image The Anatomy of a Fitness Assessment Branding Training Ruts Product Profile New on the Market

Personal Fitness Professional - October 2008

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