Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 185
Shanko and Abdela
and reporting of ADR to be encountered which may in turn
end up with fatal consequences.
Regarding the concerned body to whom ADR is to be
reported, most of the study participants suggested that ADR
should be reported to DTC of the health facility, whereas
only few of them believed that ADR should be reported to
FMHACA. This result is in line with the report of the study
conducted in West Ethiopia at Nekemte town.24 However,
our finding is lower than the study conducted in Amhara
region.25 Nevertheless, compared with other health care professionals, 57.14% of pharmacists participated in our study
have better awareness with respect to ADR reporting to
FMHACA. Probably, this could imply that pharmacists
mainly deal with drugs and their related issues, and they are
more likely to know where such problems are to be reported
and addressed.
In terms of individual who is primarily responsible in
reminding and following up of the clients about ADR of the
drugs, around 63% of the respondents suggested that it is the
responsibility of pharmacists and physicians. This may be
due to the fact that physicians and pharmacists are mainly
engaged in prescribing and dispensing the drugs, respectively, and they have an ample chance to discuss drug-related
issues frequently with their clients.
Concerning the source of information about ADR, our
study indicated 52.5% of the participants used national drug
formulary and standard treatment guidelines, whereas 33.2%
of the respondents prefer standard textbooks as a source of
information for ADR. This finding is not in agreement with
study conducted in Amhara region.25 On the other hand,
according to the respondents' opinion, 78.6% of respondents
expected that prescription error is a major predisposing factor to ADR, whereas 67.5% of study participants believed
dispensing error invariably predisposes the patients to ADR.
Probably, this could be ascribed to the ignorance of physicians who are expected to select appropriate drugs for their
patients based on potential and predictable ADRs related to
the drugs with respect to their patient's health status.
Likewise, dispensing errors that arise from inadequate
knowledge or inexperienced dispenser are not to be overlooked as it is likely to predispose patients to unnecessary
effects of drugs.
Regarding practice, 49.2% of participants of the study
encountered ADR in the past 12 months of their clinical
practice. This finding is higher than the result obtained from
the study conducted in West Ethiopia at Nekemte Hospital18
and Nekemte town.24 However, only 37.3% of the respondents recorded ADR in the patient follow-up chart. This habit
implies a poor practice of ADR documentation among health
care professionals that could be contributed to masking critical problems posed by the drugs and undermining post-marketing assessment of drugs safety. Probably, this could be
linked to the lack of the desired knowledge and awareness
about significance of ADR reporting which in turn uphold
and maintain safety of the patients. This result is comparable
185
with the finding of the study conducted in Amhara region.25
In terms of professions, a significant number of physicians
(P < .05) observed ADR during the last 12 months of their
practice. This finding is in agreement with the result reported
from a study carried out in Malaysia.26 Despite the poor
knowledge and awareness, 60.68% of the respondents
reported ADR to the concerned body, in which a significant
number of physicians (P < .05) conducted the report compared with other health care professions. This finding is significantly higher than the result reported from the study
conducted in a tertiary health care center in South India.27
With respect to attitude, most of our study participants
demonstrate positive attitude toward spontaneous ADR
reporting as well as considering reporting of ADR as part of
their professional obligation. Accordingly, 73.9% of the
respondents agreed that ADR should be reported spontaneously on a regular basis, and 60.68% of the respondents
thought that ADR reporting is part of their duty. Providing
training and education on ADR28,29 and feedback from the
concerned organization together with imposing tight rules on
them may encourage reporting among health care professionals, which in turn contributes a lot to the pharmacovigilance system. However, our findings are lower as compared
with the study conducted in Amhara region,25 Malaysia,27
and in West Ethiopia at Nekemte Hospital.18 Moreover, our
findings also showed about 83.4% of respondents believed
reporting drug safety is crucial for the public, whereas 73.2%
of them agreed that reporting ADR is imperative for the
health care system of the community. Besides, 67.8% of
respondents believed that they need to be sure whether ADR
is related to the drug before reporting. This finding is closely
in agreement with the study carried out in West Ethiopia at
Nekemte Hospital.18 In relation to other professions, pharmacists (P < .05) significantly reported that they need to be
sure about ADR associated with drugs before reporting.
Probably, this may indicate that pharmacists have better
knowledge about the properties of drugs and possible unintended reactions associated with the drugs that could enable
them to look further whether the suspected problem(s) is/are
likely to arise from the drug itself to avoid trivial reports.
Concerning the burden of ADR reporting on daily activities and types of ADR to be reported, 62.4% of respondents
disagreed that ADR reporting is creating additional workloads on their daily activity. This might arise from strong
positive attitudes of health care professionals to fulfill their
commitment and societal obligation imposed on them to
serve their community. In addition, 39.3% of respondents
disagreed that only ADR causing persistent disability should
be reported. This finding is lower than the result from other
study, in which 52.2% of the participants strongly disagreed
reporting of only ADR causing persistent disability.18
Moreover, the study conducted in Jordan also indicated that
reaction characterized with serious consequences, unusual
reaction, and reaction not yet reported get priority attention
to avoid trivial ADR reporting.23
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018
Ed Board
TOC
USP <800>
Oct-Dec 2017 Boxed Warning Highlights approved by the FDA
Zoster Vaccine Recombinant, Adjuvanted
Multifactorial Causes of Tacrolimus Errors: Confusion With Strength/Formulation, Look-Alike Names, Preparation Errors, and More
New Medications in the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
One Chance for Your Best First Impression: Tips for New Pharmacists
Implications of Statin Use on Vasopressor Therapy in the Setting of Septic Shock
Intravenous Push Administration of Antibiotics: Literature and Considerations
The Role of Computerized Clinical Decision Support in Reducing Inappropriate Medication Administration During Epidural Therapy
Health Care Professionals Toward Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting in Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study
Nonpharmacist Health Care Providers’ Knowledge of and Opinions Regarding Medication Costs in Critically Ill Patients
Detection of HBV, HCV, and Incidence of Febrile Neutropenia Associated With CHOP With or Without Rituximab in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma–Treated Patients
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - Cover1
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - Cover2
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - Ed Board
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - TOC
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 131
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - USP <800>
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 133
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - Oct-Dec 2017 Boxed Warning Highlights approved by the FDA
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 135
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - Zoster Vaccine Recombinant, Adjuvanted
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 137
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 138
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 139
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 140
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 141
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - Multifactorial Causes of Tacrolimus Errors: Confusion With Strength/Formulation, Look-Alike Names, Preparation Errors, and More
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 143
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 144
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 145
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - New Medications in the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 147
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - One Chance for Your Best First Impression: Tips for New Pharmacists
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 149
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 150
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 151
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - Implications of Statin Use on Vasopressor Therapy in the Setting of Septic Shock
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 153
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 154
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 155
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 156
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - Intravenous Push Administration of Antibiotics: Literature and Considerations
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 158
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 159
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 160
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 161
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 162
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 163
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 164
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 165
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 166
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 167
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 168
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 169
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - The Role of Computerized Clinical Decision Support in Reducing Inappropriate Medication Administration During Epidural Therapy
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 171
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 172
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 173
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 174
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 175
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 176
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - Health Care Professionals Toward Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting in Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 178
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 179
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 180
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 181
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 182
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 183
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 184
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 185
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 186
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 187
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - Nonpharmacist Health Care Providers’ Knowledge of and Opinions Regarding Medication Costs in Critically Ill Patients
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 189
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 190
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 191
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 192
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 193
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - Detection of HBV, HCV, and Incidence of Febrile Neutropenia Associated With CHOP With or Without Rituximab in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma–Treated Patients
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 195
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 196
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 197
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 198
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 199
Hospital Pharmacy - June 2018 - 200
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