SAMPE Journal - May/June 2016 - 25
Feature Article
Table 1. Comparison of the properties of unreinforced closed-cell polyurethane foams, traditional synthetic fillers (i.e. glass
and polymer microballons), and natural cocoons (domesticated Bombyx mori and wild Gonometa postica). Adapted from8.
Figure 2. Foams reinforced with longitudinal-oriented CL (a), transverse-oriented CT (b), and randomly-oriented CR (c)
B. mori cocoons.
resin had a bio-based content of 10%, owing to a
significant fraction of a recycled vegetable oil-derived
polyol (Enviropol R201) with a bio-based content of
86%.
The foam casting process involved hand-mixing
of the two-part matrix, and thereafter pouring the
mixture into a mould and clamping at ~2 kPa pressure.
Samples of unreinforced foam were first produced. To
produce cocoon reinforced foams, the mould was prefilled with systematically arranged cocoons prior to
pouring of the resin mixture. Foams reinforced with the
cocoons of B. mori and G. postica silkworms oriented
longitudinal (i.e. parallel) to the thickness (i.e. foam
rise) direction (denoted as CL) were manufactured. In
addition, to investigate the effect of cocoon orientation
on the mechanical properties of the resulting foam,
SAMPE Journal, Volume 52, No. 3, May/June 2016
foams incorporating B. mori cocoons oriented at
both transverse (i.e. perpendicular) and random
orientations to the thickness direction (denoted as
CT and CR, respectively) were also manufactured.
This was important to study as the natural cocoons
were prolate spheroids with an approximately 2:1
aspect ratio and unlike spherical polymeric and glass
micro-balloons the cocoon shells and their reinforced
syntactic foams would have anisotropic properties.
The three different orientations are visible in
Figure 2. Moreover, pierced cocoons, resulting
from the emergence of the moth for instance, have
a compromised structure which would affect its
mechanical strength. Notably such defective cocoons
account for up to 15% of the total crop yield and are
unfit for reeling and therefore are much cheaper9. To
25
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of SAMPE Journal - May/June 2016
Contents
SAMPE Journal - May/June 2016 - Cover1
SAMPE Journal - May/June 2016 - Cover2
SAMPE Journal - May/June 2016 - Contents
SAMPE Journal - May/June 2016 - 2
SAMPE Journal - May/June 2016 - 3
SAMPE Journal - May/June 2016 - 4
SAMPE Journal - May/June 2016 - 5
SAMPE Journal - May/June 2016 - 6
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SAMPE Journal - May/June 2016 - Cover3
SAMPE Journal - May/June 2016 - Cover4
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